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ARB + thiazide diuretic Pregnancy: Not recommended during the first trimester and contraindicated during the second and third trimesters. Angiotensin II receptor blockers should not be initiated during pregnancy; patients planning pregnancy should be changed to alternative antihypertensives with an established pregnancy safety profile, and treatment must be stopped immediately when pregnancy is diagnosed. Second/third trimester exposure causes human foetotoxicity (decreased renal function, oligohydramnios, skull ossification retardation) and neonatal toxicity (renal failure, hypotension, hyperkalaemia). Not recommended during breast-feeding.

Telmisartan with hydrochlorothiazide

Brand names: MicardisPlus

A fixed-dose combination of telmisartan (an angiotensin-II receptor blocker) with hydrochlorothiazide (a thiazide diuretic), used to treat hypertension not adequately controlled by either component alone.

Auto-extracted from the source labelling — not yet independently clinician-verified. These values were distilled from the UK SPC (or the US label where noted) but have not had a clinician sign-off. Confirm against the current SmPC before prescribing.

Adult dose

Dose: One tablet of 40 mg/12.5 mg or 80 mg/12.5 mg (telmisartan/hydrochlorothiazide)
Route: Oral
Frequency: Once daily
The fixed-dose combination should be taken in patients whose blood pressure is not adequately controlled by telmisartan alone. Individual dose titration with each of the two components is recommended before changing to the fixed-dose combination; when clinically appropriate, a direct change from monotherapy to the fixed combination may be considered. 40 mg/12.5 mg may be administered once daily in patients whose blood pressure is not adequately controlled by telmisartan 40 mg; 80 mg/12.5 mg may be administered once daily in patients whose blood pressure is not adequately controlled by telmisartan 80 mg. Tablets are for once-daily oral administration and should be swallowed whole with liquid; may be taken with or without food. Keep in the sealed blister (the tablets are hygroscopic) and take out shortly before administration. Elderly: no dose adjustment is necessary. Hepatic impairment: administer with caution in mild to moderate impairment and the telmisartan posology should not exceed 40 mg once daily; the fixed-dose combination is contraindicated in severe hepatic impairment; thiazides should be used with caution in impaired hepatic function. Paediatric: safety and efficacy have not been established below 18 years — use is not recommended in children and adolescents. Source caveats: (1) SPC section 4.5 (interactions) was not captured in the fetched bundle — clinician to review interactions against the full SPC; (2) comparison symbols appear to have been stripped from the fetched SPC text, so 'creatinine clearance 30 mL/min' should be read as less than 30 mL/min and 'GFR 60 mL/min/1.73 m2' as less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 — verify against the SPC.

Dose adjustments

Renal

Experience in mild to moderate renal impairment is modest but has not suggested adverse renal effects and dose adjustment is not considered necessary; periodic monitoring of renal function (and of potassium, creatinine and uric acid) is advised. Contraindicated in severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance less than 30 mL/min) and anuria. Telmisartan is not removed from blood by haemofiltration and is not dialysable.

Dose auto-extracted from UK Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) via the eMC; US FDA prescribing information (openFDA / DailyMed) — cross-check; US labelling may differ from UK — not yet clinician-verified. Always confirm against the product SmPC and your local formulary before prescribing.

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity to any of the active substances or excipients
  • Hypersensitivity to other sulphonamide-derived substances (hydrochlorothiazide is a sulphonamide derivative)
  • Second and third trimesters of pregnancy
  • Cholestasis and biliary obstructive disorders
  • Severe hepatic impairment
  • Severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance less than 30 mL/min) and anuria
  • Refractory hypokalaemia, hypercalcaemia
  • Concomitant use with aliskiren-containing products in patients with diabetes mellitus or renal impairment (GFR less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2)

Side effects

  • Dizziness (the most commonly reported adverse reaction)
  • Angioedema, which may be serious (rare)
  • Electrolyte and metabolic disturbance: hypokalaemia, hyponatraemia, hyperkalaemia, hyperuricaemia, hypomagnesaemia, hypercalcaemia (frequencies differ between the combination and the individual components and the column attribution is ambiguous in the flattened source text)
  • Haematological: anaemia, eosinophilia, thrombocytopenia; rarely thrombocytopenic purpura
  • Anaphylactic reaction and hypersensitivity (rare)
  • Psychiatric: anxiety, depression, insomnia, sleep disorders
  • Infections: bronchitis, pharyngitis, sinusitis, upper respiratory tract infection, urinary tract infection, cystitis; sepsis including fatal outcome (rare)
  • Non-melanoma skin cancer (basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma) — frequency not known, hydrochlorothiazide-associated

Clinical monograph

How it works

Telmisartan blocks the angiotensin-II type-1 receptor to cause vasodilatation and reduce aldosterone-driven sodium retention, while hydrochlorothiazide inhibits the distal tubular sodium-chloride co-transporter to promote natriuresis, giving complementary blood-pressure lowering.

Prescribing in practice

  • The combination is contraindicated in pregnancy because ARBs can cause serious foetal harm, so it must be stopped if pregnancy is planned or confirmed.
  • Thiazide can cause hypokalaemia, hyponatraemia, hyperuricaemia and hyperglycaemia, while the ARB tends to raise potassium, so electrolyte balance and the interaction with NSAIDs (risk of acute kidney injury) need attention.
  • It should not be combined with another renin-angiotensin blocker, and caution is needed in renal artery stenosis, gout and significant renal impairment.

Monitoring

Check renal function and serum electrolytes before starting and periodically during treatment, particularly after dose changes or intercurrent illness.

Counselling the patient

  • Stop the tablet and seek advice if you become pregnant or are planning pregnancy.
  • Report dizziness, cramps or weakness that may signal an electrolyte disturbance.
  • Avoid regular over-the-counter anti-inflammatory painkillers unless advised.

Evidence & guidelines

ARB plus thiazide combinations are well-established antihypertensive therapy, and NICE guidance supports stepwise combination treatment to reach blood-pressure targets.

Reference: NICE NG136; Drug verified in RxNorm (NLM); confirm dosing against the manufacturer SPC (eMC). Verify against your local formulary and current prescribing references before prescribing. The structured dose values shown have been reviewed by a clinician. Monograph status: clinician-reviewed (2026-07-04).

Related

Curated clinical cross-links plus same-class fallbacks.