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DPP-4 Inhibitor Pregnancy: B

Sitagliptin

Brand names: Januvia, Xelevia

Adult dose

Dose: 100mg once daily
Route: Oral
Frequency: Once daily
Renal dose: eGFR 30–45 → 50mg OD; eGFR 15–30 → 25mg OD; eGFR <15/dialysis → 25mg OD.

Clinical pearls

  • Weight-neutral — advantage over sulfonylureas and insulin
  • Low hypoglycaemia risk when used as monotherapy
  • Renal dose reduction required — unlike SGLT2 inhibitors
  • Discontinue if pancreatitis suspected
  • TECOS trial: no cardiovascular benefit or harm — CV-neutral

Contraindications

  • Type 1 diabetes
  • DKA

Side effects

  • Nasopharyngitis
  • URTI
  • Pancreatitis (rare)
  • Arthralgia
  • Severe joint pain (class effect)

Interactions

  • Digoxin — slight increase in digoxin levels (monitor)
  • CYP3A4/2C8 inducers (rifampicin) — may reduce efficacy

Monitoring

  • HbA1c (3–6 monthly)
  • eGFR (before starting, then annually)
  • Lipase if abdominal symptoms

Reference: NICE NG28; TECOS trial. Verify against your local formulary and the latest BNF before prescribing.

Related

Curated clinical cross-links plus same-class fallbacks.