C1-esterase inhibitor
Brand names: Berinert, Cinryze
C1-esterase inhibitor is a plasma-derived (or recombinant) replacement protein used in hereditary angioedema, both to treat acute attacks and, in some preparations, for routine prophylaxis.
Adult dose
Paediatric dose
Dose independently re-sourced from UK Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) via the eMC — clinician-reviewed. Always confirm against the product SmPC and your local formulary before prescribing.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients listed in section 6.1
Side effects
- §4.8 states that undesired reactions with Berinert are rare; the frequency table did not survive extraction with its columns aligned, so no frequency category is assigned to the items below
- Allergic or anaphylactic-type reactions — e.g. tachycardia, hyper- or hypotension, flushing, hives, dyspnoea, headache, dizziness, nausea
- Shock
- Rise in temperature
- Reactions at the injection site
- Development of thrombosis — reported in treatment attempts with high doses for prophylaxis or therapy of Capillary Leak Syndrome (an unlicensed indication and dose), in single cases with fatal outcome
- Theoretical transmission of infective agents — the product is prepared from human plasma (§4.4)
Monitoring
- Initiate treatment under the supervision of a physician experienced in the treatment of C1-esterase inhibitor deficiency
- Give antihistamines and corticosteroids prophylactically in patients with a known tendency towards allergies
- Stop administration immediately if allergic or anaphylactic-type reactions occur and treat according to current medical standards for shock
- Monitor patients with laryngeal oedema particularly carefully, with emergency treatment on stand-by
- Record the product name and batch number at every administration, to maintain the link between patient and batch
- Consider hepatitis A and B vaccination for patients in regular or repeated receipt of human plasma-derived products
- For home treatment or self-administration, the treating physician must ensure appropriate training is provided and review its use at intervals — data in this setting are limited
- Do not use for unlicensed treatment of Capillary Leak Syndrome (§4.4 advises against it)
Clinical monograph
How it works
It replaces the deficient or dysfunctional C1-esterase inhibitor, restoring regulation of the complement and contact (kallikrein-kinin) systems and thereby reducing the bradykinin generation responsible for angioedema attacks.
Prescribing in practice
- As a blood-derived product it carries a theoretical risk of transmitting infective agents and may provoke hypersensitivity reactions, so observe the patient and have facilities to manage anaphylaxis available during administration.
- It is given by intravenous injection or infusion, with some preparations licensed for acute treatment and others for routine prophylaxis of hereditary angioedema attacks.
- Thromboembolic events have been reported, particularly with higher exposure and in patients with risk factors for thrombosis, so weigh the benefit against this risk.
Monitoring
Monitor clinically for hypersensitivity and infusion reactions during and after administration and for signs of thromboembolism in at-risk patients.
Counselling the patient
- Report any rash, swelling, breathlessness or other reaction during or after the infusion.
- Patients trained for self-administration should follow the technique and storage instructions provided.
- Carry information about your hereditary angioedema and treatment in case of emergency.
Evidence & guidelines
Use is supported by controlled trials in hereditary angioedema and by long-standing clinical guidance for managing this condition.
Reference: UK PIN HAE guidance; WAO HAE guideline; SmPC; Confirm identity and dosing against the manufacturer SPC (eMC) and NICE. Verify against your local formulary and current prescribing references before prescribing. The structured dose values shown have been reviewed by a clinician. Monograph status: clinician-reviewed (2026-07-04).
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