Anaesthesia & ICUObstetrics & Gynaecology
Spinal Anaesthesia Hypotension Management
Sympathetic blockade → hypotension; phenylephrine first-line in obstetric, ephedrine if bradycardic; IV fluids + positioning.
Source: AAGBI; ASA
Step 1 of ~2
info
Recognise
Sympathetic block from spinal → vasodilation + venodilation + ↓ preload + bradycardia. Risk: high block (T4–T6), hypovolaemia, elderly, beta-blocker, neuraxial dose, pregnancy (aortocaval). Threshold: SBP <100 mmHg or 20% drop. Obstetric: maternal hypotension causes fetal acidaemia — aggressive prevention.
Related
Curated clinical cross-links plus same-class fallbacks.
Drugs
- Ephedrine (IV — Anaesthesia) · Sympathomimetic Vasopressor
- Ethambutol · Antitubercular — First-Line TB (RIPE Regimen, 'E')
- Pyrazinamide · Antitubercular — First-Line TB (RIPE Regimen, 'P')
- Cefalexin (UTI / GBS Prophylaxis in Pregnancy) · First-Generation Cephalosporin — Obstetric Antibiotic
- Ethinylestradiol with levonorgestrel · Combined oral contraceptive (2nd-generation progestogen — first-line)
- Paracetamol (Paediatric) · Analgesic / Antipyretic — First-Line Pain and Fever in Children
Pathways
- Difficult Airway Algorithm (DAS) · DAS 2015; Royal College of Anaesthetists
- Anaphylaxis Under Anaesthesia · AAGBI 2018; NAP6
- Malignant Hyperthermia · AAGBI 2011; MHAUS
- Local Anaesthetic Systemic Toxicity (LAST) · AAGBI 2010; ASRA 2017
- Postoperative Nausea & Vomiting · Society for Ambulatory Anesthesia 2020; AAGBI
- Surviving Sepsis Bundle (Adult ICU) · Surviving Sepsis Campaign 2021; NICE NG51
Decision support only. Always apply local guidelines and clinical judgement.