Lymphadenopathy Workup

Lymphadenopathy: enlarged lymph nodes (>1 cm typically; >2 cm supraclavicular always abnormal). Characterise: • Site: cervical (most common), supraclavicular (always pathological), axillary, inguinal, mediastinal, abdominal. • Size, consistency (soft/firm/hard/rubbery), tenderness, mobility / fixed, overlying skin. • Distribution: localised vs generalised (≥2 non-contiguous regions). • Duration: acute (<2 weeks usually reactive); chronic (>2 weeks → investigate). Red flags: • Hard, fixed, non-tender → malignancy. • Supraclavicular (Virchow's = abdominal malignancy; Troisier's sign). • Generalised + B symptoms (fever, night sweats, weight loss). • Persistent >3–4 weeks. • Associated organomegaly. • Older age.