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Anaesthesia / Critical Care Emergency Medicine Strong — Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002

Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS)

Standardised sedation and agitation scale for ICU patients. Range −5 (unarousable) to +4 (combative). Used to titrate sedation and assess readiness for awakening trials. Target RASS 0 to −2 for most ventilated patients.

Observe the patient. If awake, score +1 to +4. If not fully awake, call name — if responds, score −1 to −3. If no response to voice, apply physical stimulation — if responds, score −4. If no response at all, score −5.

References

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Curated clinical cross-links plus same-class fallbacks.

Decision support only — verify against MDCalc, NICE, or your local guideline before clinical use.