Acute Kidney Injury
Also: AKI · acute renal failure
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a sudden fall in kidney function, staged by the rise in creatinine and fall in urine output. Management focuses on finding and treating the cause, optimising fluids, and reviewing nephrotoxic drugs.
The renal calculators, the renal drug-dosing tool, and relevant pathways are gathered here.
Calculators & scores
- KDIGO AKI StagingAKI
- Kinetic eGFR (KeGFR) in AKIAcute Kidney Injury
- AKI Staging (KDIGO 2012)Acute Kidney Injury
- Thakar Score for Acute Renal Failure after Cardiac SurgeryCardiac Surgery
- Thakar Score for AKI after Cardiac SurgerySurgical Risk
- Fractional Excretion of Sodium (FENa)AKI
- Fractional Excretion of Urea (FeUrea)AKI
- RIFLE Criteria for Acute Kidney InjuryAcute Kidney Injury
- CKD Staging by eGFR (KDIGO 2012)Diagnostic
- AKIN Classification for Acute Kidney InjuryAcute Kidney Injury
- McMahon Score for Acute Kidney Injury from RhabdomyolysisAcute Kidney Injury
- CKD Staging (KDIGO 2012)Chronic Kidney Disease
- Furosemide Stress Test (FST) for AKI ProgressionAKI
- Phenytoin Correction for Albumin / Renal FailureDrug Dosing
Decision pathways
- Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)KDIGO 2012 / NICE AKI 2019
- RhabdomyolysisRenal Association 2018; UpToDate 2024
- Hepatorenal SyndromeEASL 2018; ICA 2015
- RRT InitiationKDIGO 2012 / NICE
- Glomerulonephritis WorkupKDIGO 2021 GN; Renal Association
- CKD-Mineral Bone Disease (CKD-MBD)KDIGO 2017 CKD-MBD
- Membranous NephropathyKDIGO 2021 GN
- Scleroderma Renal CrisisEULAR 2023; UK Scleroderma Study Group
Drugs
- Furosemide (IV — ICU)Loop Diuretic
- Sodium BicarbonateAlkalising Agent / Electrolyte
- Calcium GluconateElectrolyte — Calcium Supplement
- FurosemideDiuretic
- Furosemide with triamtereneLoop diuretic + potassium-sparing
- Spironolactone with furosemideK-sparing + loop diuretic combination
- Sodium Bicarbonate 8.4%Electrolyte Buffer
- Calcium Gluconate 10%Electrolyte
- Sodium bicarbonate with sodium chlorideAlkalinising IV solution
- Furosemide (Frusemide)Loop diuretic
- Furosemide (Ascites / Cirrhosis)Loop Diuretic
- Sodium acid phosphate with sodium bicarbonateBowel preparation
Patient explainers
Tools
Decision support only. These tools are aggregated by topic to aid navigation — always apply clinical judgement and the relevant national or local guideline.