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α1-adrenergic antagonist Pregnancy: The safety of terazosin during pregnancy or lactation has not been established, and animal data show it may increase the duration of pregnancy or inhibit labour; it should not be used in pregnancy unless the potential benefit outweighs the risk. It is not known whether terazosin is excreted in breast milk — caution should be exercised in nursing women.

Terazosin

Brand names: Hytrin

Terazosin is a selective alpha-1 adrenoceptor antagonist used in benign prostatic hyperplasia and, less commonly, hypertension.

Auto-extracted from the source labelling — not yet independently clinician-verified. These values were distilled from the UK SPC (or the US label where noted) but have not had a clinician sign-off. Confirm against the current SmPC before prescribing.

Adult dose

Dose: Hypertension: initial 1 mg before bedtime (not to be exceeded as the initial dose), then increase by approximately doubling the dose at weekly intervals; usual maintenance 2 mg to 10 mg once daily
Route: Oral
Frequency: Once daily
Max: Doses over 20 mg rarely improve efficacy and doses over 40 mg have not been studied
Compliance with the 1 mg initial dose must be strictly observed to minimise the potential for acute first-dose hypotensive episodes. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH): initial 1 mg before bedtime (not to be exceeded as the initial dose), increased by approximately doubling at weekly or bi-weekly intervals to achieve the desired reduction in symptoms; maintenance is usually 5 to 10 mg once daily. Improvement in BPH symptoms may be detected as early as two weeks; there are at present insufficient data to suggest additional symptomatic relief with doses above 10 mg once daily. Treatment should be initiated using the Starter Pack and the response reviewed at four weeks. Transient side effects may occur at each titration step; if any side effects persist, consider reducing the dose. If administration is discontinued for more than several days, therapy should be re-instituted using the initial dose titration regimen. Elderly: no alteration in dosage recommendation is required. Hepatic impairment: titrate with particular caution (extensive hepatic metabolism, mainly biliary excretion); use is not recommended in severe hepatic impairment. Paediatric: not recommended for use in children — safety and efficacy in children have not been established. Caution with concomitant thiazides or other antihypertensives: if one is added during terazosin treatment the terazosin dose must be reduced or the drug discontinued and a new dose titration is essential (SPC section 4.4). SPC section 4.5 (interactions) was not captured in the fetched bundle — clinician to review.

Dose adjustments

Renal

Pharmacokinetic studies indicate that patients with impaired renal function need no alteration in the recommended dosages. (Section 4.4 states terazosin should not be given to patients with bladder overflow, anuria or advanced renal failure.)

Dose auto-extracted from UK Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) via the eMC; US FDA prescribing information (openFDA / DailyMed) — cross-check; US labelling may differ from UK — not yet clinician-verified. Always confirm against the product SmPC and your local formulary before prescribing.

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients
  • Known sensitivity to other alpha-adrenoceptor blockers
  • Patients with a history of micturition syncope

Side effects

  • Syncope — episodes have occurred within 30 to 90 minutes of the initial dose; incidence approximately one percent in hypertension clinical trials
  • Postural hypotension, dizziness, light-headedness, vasodilatation
  • Palpitations, tachycardia, arrhythmia, atrial fibrillation
  • Nasal congestion, rhinitis, dyspnoea
  • Asthenia, peripheral oedema, oedema, chest pain
  • Libido decreased, erectile dysfunction, priapism
  • Blurred vision, amblyopia, visual impairment

Clinical monograph

How it works

It blocks postsynaptic alpha-1 adrenoceptors, relaxing smooth muscle in the bladder neck, prostate and vasculature, easing urinary flow and lowering blood pressure.

Prescribing in practice

  • First-dose hypotension and syncope can occur, so introduce gradually, ideally with the first dose taken at bedtime.
  • Use with caution in the elderly and in those at risk of falls because of orthostatic hypotension.
  • It can cause intraoperative floppy iris syndrome, so inform the ophthalmologist before cataract surgery.

Monitoring

Monitor blood pressure, particularly for postural drop after initiation and dose increases.

Counselling the patient

  • Take the first dose at bedtime and rise slowly to reduce dizziness.
  • Report fainting, dizziness or palpitations.
  • Tell your eye surgeon you take this medicine before any cataract operation.

Evidence & guidelines

Alpha-blockers are established options for benign prostatic hyperplasia symptoms and are used in line with current UK guidance.

Reference: NICE NG106; Drug verified in RxNorm (NLM); confirm dosing against the manufacturer SPC (eMC). Verify against your local formulary and current prescribing references before prescribing. The structured dose values shown have been reviewed by a clinician. Monograph status: clinician-reviewed (2026-07-04).

Related

Curated clinical cross-links plus same-class fallbacks.