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Topical wound healing agent Pregnancy: Can be used. §4.6, verbatim: 'There are no data from the use of Filsuvez in pregnant women. Animal studies do not indicate direct or indirect harmful effects with respect to reproductive toxicity... No effects during pregnancy are anticipated, since systemic exposure to Filsuvez is negligible. Filsuvez can be used during pregnancy.' Breast-feeding: 'Filsuvez can be used during breast-feeding, unless the chest area is subject to treatment.' Fertility: 'No effects on human fertility are anticipated, since the systemic exposure is negligible.'

Birch bark extracts (betulin)

Brand names: Filsuvez, Episalvan

Birch bark extract (containing betulin and related triterpenes) is a topical gel used to aid wound healing, particularly of partial-thickness skin wounds including those from skin grafting and certain epidermolysis bullosa lesions.

Adult dose

Dose: SCOPE — this is the Filsuvez Gel regimen for wounds in epidermolysis bullosa only; the page's second brand, Episalvan, is not in this bundle and its indication is not dosed here. Filsuvez Gel, §4.2, verbatim: 'The gel should be applied to the wound surface at a thickness of approximately 1 mm and covered by a sterile non adhesive wound dressing or applied to the dressing so that the gel is in direct contact with the wound. The gel should not be applied sparingly. It should not be rubbed in. The gel should be reapplied at each wound dressing change.'
Route: Cutaneous application only, to cleansed wounds. §4.2: 'For cutaneous application only. Filsuvez should be applied to cleansed wounds. This medicinal product is not for ophthalmic use and should not be applied to mucous membranes. Each tube is for single use only. The tube should be discarded after use.'
Frequency: At every dressing change — 'The gel should be reapplied at each wound dressing change.' The SPC sets no fixed interval and no maximum number of applications per day.
⚠️ NO MAXIMUM DOSE EXISTS IN THIS SPC, AND THE ONE AREA FIGURE IT CONTAINS IS NOT A CEILING. §4.2 states: 'The maximum total wound area treated in clinical studies was 5,300 cm2 with a median total wound area of 735 cm2.' That is a description of what was studied, not a licensed limit, so it has deliberately NOT been entered as maxDose. || PAEDIATRIC (§4.2, verbatim): 'The posology in paediatric patients (6 months and older) is the same as in adults. The safety and efficacy of Filsuvez in children aged less than 6 months have not been established. No data are available.' This is the label's own paediatric statement — the adult regimen unchanged from 6 months — and nothing has been scaled or derived. §4.8 adds that '70% (n=156) of patients randomised in the pivotal study were under the age of 18 with a median age of 12 years. 8% (n=17) of patients were below 4 years of age' (that sentence is cut off at the fetch limit). || SPECIAL POPULATIONS: renal or hepatic impairment — 'No studies have been conducted with Filsuvez in patients with renal or hepatic impairment. No dose adjustment or special considerations are anticipated'. Elderly — 'No dose adjustment is required.' || REVIEW OF TREATMENT (§4.2): 'If symptoms persist or worsen after use, or if wound complications occur, the patient's condition should be fully clinically assessed prior to continuation of treatment, and regularly re evaluated thereafter.' §4.4 adds for the less-evidenced EB subtypes: 'The quantity of clinical data from use of Filsuvez in patients with DDEB and JEB is limited... The patient's condition should be regularly evaluated to assess the benefit of continued treatment.' || CONCOMITANT TOPICALS (§4.5): 'Other topical products should not be concomitantly used together with Filsuvez but rather sequentially or alternatively depending on the clinical need.' || BIRCH POLLEN ALLERGY — a common misconception, addressed directly by §4.4: 'Filsuvez is safe to use for people who are allergic to birch pollen, as these allergens are not present in this medicinal product.'

Paediatric dose

Route: Cutaneous application only, to cleansed wounds; covered by a sterile non-adhesive wound dressing
Frequency: At each wound dressing change
Max: No maximum is stated in the SPC. The only area figure it gives — 'The maximum total wound area treated in clinical studies was 5,300 cm2 with a median total wound area of 735 cm2' — describes the studied population, not a licensed ceiling, and must not be used as one.
NOT WEIGHT-BASED — the dose is a layer thickness, so dosePerKg is null and no weight calculation applies. §4.2, verbatim: 'The posology in paediatric patients (6 months and older) is the same as in adults. The safety and efficacy of Filsuvez in children aged less than 6 months have not been established. No data are available.' The adult instruction therefore applies unchanged from 6 months of age: apply to the wound surface at a thickness of approximately 1 mm, not sparingly, do not rub in, cover with a sterile non-adhesive dressing, reapply at each dressing change. This is the label's own paediatric statement; nothing has been scaled from the adult figure.

Dose adjustments

Renal

§4.2: 'No studies have been conducted with Filsuvez in patients with renal or hepatic impairment. No dose adjustment or special considerations are anticipated for patients with renal or hepatic impairment (see section 5.2).'

Hepatic

§4.2: covered by the same sentence as renal impairment — no studies conducted, no dose adjustment or special considerations anticipated.

Dose independently re-sourced from UK Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) via the eMC — clinician-reviewed. Always confirm against the product SmPC and your local formulary before prescribing.

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to the excipient listed in section 6.1 (§4.3 — this is the only contraindication, and §4.3 was retrieved complete)
  • Not for ophthalmic use and not to be applied to mucous membranes (§4.2)
  • In the case of wound infection, 'it is recommended to interrupt treatment'; treatment may be re-initiated once the infection has resolved (§4.4)
  • Discontinue immediately if local or systemic hypersensitivity occurs (§4.4)
  • Discontinue treatment to the affected area if squamous cell carcinoma or another skin malignancy is diagnosed (§4.4)
  • NOT contraindicated in birch pollen allergy — §4.4 states 'Filsuvez is safe to use for people who are allergic to birch pollen, as these allergens are not present in this medicinal product'

Side effects

  • Wound complication — the most frequent adverse reaction, 'in 11.6% of EB patients and 2.9% of patients with other partial thickness wounds'; in EB studies this 'comprised different kinds of local complications such as increase in wound size, wound re-opening, wound pain and wound haemorrhage'
  • Application site reactions — 'in 5.8% of EB patients'; 'Mild or moderate application site reactions are common and include application site pain and application site pruritis'
  • Wound infections — 'in 4.0% of EB patients'
  • Pruritus — 'in 3.1% of EB patients and 1.3% of patients with other PTW'
  • Hypersensitivity reactions — 'in 1.3% of EB patients'; 'These reactions include rash, urticaria and eczema which were mild in 1.3% of patients and severe in 0.4% of patients'
  • Pain of skin — 'in 2.5% of patients with other PTW'
  • Uncommon: dermatitis, pruritic rash, purpura, wound secretion (the dermatitis, rash, purpura and pain entries were observed in studies of patients with grade 2a burn wounds or split-thickness skin grafts)
  • NOTE: §4.8 is cut off at the source-fetch limit inside the paediatric paragraph, so this is not the complete adverse-reaction section

Monitoring

  • §4.2: 'If symptoms persist or worsen after use, or if wound complications occur, the patient's condition should be fully clinically assessed prior to continuation of treatment, and regularly re evaluated thereafter.'
  • §4.4, wound infection: 'wound infection is an important and serious complication that can occur during wound healing. In the case of infection, it is recommended to interrupt treatment. Additional standard treatment may be required. Treatment may be re-initiated once the infection has resolved.'
  • §4.4, skin malignancy: 'Patients with dystrophic EB (DEB) and junctional EB (JEB) may be at increased risk of development of squamous cell carcinoma... In the case of diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma or other skin malignancies, treatment to the affected area should be discontinued.'
  • §4.4, DDEB and JEB: 'The patient's condition should be regularly evaluated to assess the benefit of continued treatment.'
  • §4.4, hypersensitivity: 'If signs and symptoms of local or systemic hypersensitivity occur, Filsuvez should be discontinued immediately and appropriate therapy should be initiated.'
  • §4.4, accidental eye exposure: 'In the case of exposure to eyes product should be removed by eye irrigation.'

Clinical monograph

How it works

The triterpene constituents are thought to modulate inflammatory mediators and keratinocyte differentiation and migration, promoting re-epithelialisation of partial-thickness wounds.

Prescribing in practice

  • It is intended for application to the wound surface under a dressing and should be used as directed for the licensed wound indications rather than as a general topical.
  • Local skin reactions such as wound-related pain, itching or healing complications may occur.
  • It is not a substitute for appropriate wound debridement, infection control and standard wound care.

Monitoring

Monitor wound healing and the surrounding skin at dressing changes for progress and signs of infection.

Counselling the patient

  • Apply a generous layer to the cleaned wound and cover with a dressing as advised.
  • Report increasing pain, redness or discharge that could indicate infection.
  • Continue standard wound care and attend planned reviews.

Evidence & guidelines

Birch bark extract gel is licensed for the treatment of partial-thickness skin wounds based on its wound-healing clinical trial programme.

Reference: NICE TA evaluation; DEBRA UK; SmPC; Drug verified in RxNorm (NLM); confirm dosing against the manufacturer SPC (eMC). Verify against your local formulary and current prescribing references before prescribing. The structured dose values shown have been reviewed by a clinician. Monograph status: clinician-reviewed (2026-07-04).

Related

Curated clinical cross-links plus same-class fallbacks.