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Topical antipsoriatic (anthralin) Pregnancy: There is no experimental evidence to support the safety of dithranol in pregnancy. Micanol cream should be given to pregnant women only if clearly needed. Nursing mothers should not apply Micanol on the breast area, and should avoid accidental contamination of the skin or mouth of the baby. (UK SPC §4.6)

Dithranol

Brand names: Dithrocream, Micanol

Dithranol (anthralin) is a topical antiproliferative agent used for chronic plaque psoriasis, often as short-contact therapy.

Adult dose

Dose: Sub-acute and chronic psoriasis (short contact therapy): apply a small amount of 1% w/w cream to the affected areas only; contact time initially not greater than 10 minutes, gradually increased to 30 minutes over about seven days depending on response
Route: Topical (cutaneous)
Frequency: Once every 24 hours; wash off after contact time (usually no more than 30 minutes)
SPC §4.1: 'Treatment of sub-acute and chronic psoriasis, including psoriasis of the scalp, by the short contact therapy method.' §4.2 (verbatim, key sentences): 'Apply Micanol cream only to the affected areas being careful to avoid contact with normal skin. Use only a small amount, rubbing it in gently and thoroughly until it no longer smears. Micanol cream should be applied once every 24 hours and removed by washing off usually no more than 30 minutes after application.' 'The treatment should start with 1% cream on a limited surface. Where the response to dithranol has not been previously established contact with 1% cream should initially be not greater than 10 minutes. This may gradually be increased to 30 minutes over a period of about seven days depending on the individual response.' 'After 1-2 weeks patients may progress to Micanol 3% if necessary provided they do not show any sign of skin irritation. If the skin is irritated, patients should revert to 1% cream. Treatment should be continued until the skin is clear of psoriasis.' Strength (§2): dithranol BP 1.0% w/w (Micanol Cream 1%). The 3% cream is a separate strength of the product (its own SPC not retrieved) and 'Micanol 3% cream should always be used under medical supervision.' Wash off with plenty of LUKEWARM water only, no soap until the cream has been rinsed off. Scalp: wash hair with shampoo, rinse, apply cream to damp hair, leave up to 30 minutes, rinse with lukewarm water. No maximum amount or dose is printed, so none is stated (30 minutes is a contact time). This SPC does not cover other dithranol products/regimens (e.g. longer-contact or other-strength creams/ointments such as Dithrocream). Children: 'Micanol is not suitable for the treatment of infants and young children'; no paediatric dose is given.

Dose adjustments

Renal

The SPC gives no renal dose adjustment (topical product).

Hepatic

The SPC gives no hepatic dose adjustment (topical product).

Dose independently re-sourced from UK Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) via MHRA Products — clinician-reviewed. Always confirm against the product SmPC and your local formulary before prescribing.

Contraindications

  • Acute pustular psoriasis or presence of inflammation of skin, including folliculitis (§4.3)
  • Erythroderma (§4.3)
  • Hypersensitivity to dithranol or any other component of Micanol (§4.3)

Side effects

  • Frequent: perilesional erythema and burning, lesional burning (usually mild or moderate); usually lessen after one or two weeks of treatment (§4.8)
  • Rare: allergic reaction (skin rash) (§4.8)
  • Staining of treated and surrounding skin (disappears within 1 to 2 weeks after the end of treatment); may temporarily discolour fingernails or grey or white hair; may stain fabrics (§4.8)
  • Accidental eye contact: severe conjunctivitis, keratinitis or corneal opacity may result (§4.4)

Interactions

  • Photosensitising medications: concurrent use with dithranol may enhance their photosensitising effects (§4.5)
  • Propylene glycol containing drugs: dithranol would be oxidised and inactivated (§4.5)
  • Withdrawal of long-term steroids in psoriasis may cause a rebound phenomenon; leave an interval of one to two weeks between stopping long-term steroids and starting Micanol, using a bland emollient meanwhile (§4.5)
  • Use with caution if potent steroids have been administered recently (§4.4)

Monitoring

  • Excessive redness or burning: reduce frequency or concentration, or discontinue; irritation is more likely with higher concentrations (§4.4)
  • Sensitivity reactions, especially on normal skin surrounding the plaque site: discontinue use (§4.4)
  • Do not apply to the face, mucous membrane, genitalia or intertriginous skin, or to blistered, raw or oozing skin; keep away from eyes (wash with plenty of lukewarm water if contact occurs) (§4.4)
  • Wash hands thoroughly after use (§4.4)
  • If the skin is irritated after progressing to 3%, revert to 1% cream (§4.2)

Clinical monograph

How it works

It reduces the excessive epidermal proliferation seen in psoriasis, with effects linked to inhibition of keratinocyte turnover and generation of reactive oxygen species in the skin.

Prescribing in practice

  • Dithranol is irritant and can burn normal skin, so apply it carefully to plaques only and protect surrounding healthy skin, washing it off after the prescribed contact time.
  • It stains skin, hair, clothing, bedding and surfaces, which limits acceptability and adherence.
  • Avoid use on the face, flexures, genitals and acutely inflamed or unstable psoriasis.

Monitoring

Monitor clinically for plaque response and for irritation or burning of surrounding normal skin.

Counselling the patient

  • Apply only to the thickened plaques, keep it off normal skin, and wash it off after the time you have been told.
  • Expect staining of skin, hair, clothes and the bath; protect surfaces and use older bedding and towels.
  • Stop and seek advice if the surrounding skin becomes sore or burnt.

Evidence & guidelines

Dithranol short-contact therapy is a long-established treatment for chronic plaque psoriasis supported by NICE psoriasis guidance.

Reference: SmPC Dithrocream; BAD Psoriasis Guideline 2017 (updated 2022); NICE CG153 (Psoriasis); Drug verified in RxNorm (NLM); confirm dosing against the manufacturer SPC (eMC). Verify against your local formulary and current prescribing references before prescribing. The structured dose values shown have been reviewed by a clinician. Monograph status: clinician-reviewed (2026-07-04).

Related

Curated clinical cross-links plus same-class fallbacks.