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Recombinant acid sphingomyelinase Pregnancy: US labelling: may cause embryo-fetal harm based on animal reproduction studies. Dosage initiation or escalation at any time during pregnancy is not recommended (may raise sphingomyelin metabolite levels and increase the risk of fetal malformations); the decision to continue or stop maintenance dosing should weigh maternal need against fetal risk. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment and for 14 days after the last dose if treatment is discontinued.

Olipudase alfa

Brand names: Xenpozyme

Olipudase alfa is an enzyme replacement therapy used to treat the non-central-nervous-system manifestations of acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (Niemann-Pick disease types A/B and B) in children and adults.

Auto-extracted from the source labelling — not yet independently clinician-verified. These values were distilled from the UK SPC (or the US label where noted) but have not had a clinician sign-off. Confirm against the current SmPC before prescribing.

Adult dose

Dose: 3 mg/kg (recommended maintenance dose); starting dose 0.1 mg/kg with stepwise escalation
Route: Intravenous infusion
Frequency: Every 2 weeks
Max: 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks (recommended maintenance dosage; clinical trials used intravenous doses up to 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks)
No UK SPC (eMC) in the bundle — figures are from US prescribing information (XENPOZYME, Genzyme, label date 2025-12-11). Adult dose escalation regimen, all given every 2 weeks by IV infusion: Week 0 (first dose) 0.1 mg/kg; Week 2 0.3 mg/kg; Week 4 0.3 mg/kg; Week 6 0.6 mg/kg; Week 8 0.6 mg/kg; Week 10 1 mg/kg; Week 12 2 mg/kg; Week 14 3 mg/kg (the escalation phase includes the first 3 mg/kg dose, which is also the recommended maintenance dose). Weight basis: use actual body weight if BMI is 30 or less; if BMI is greater than 30 use adjusted body weight (kg) = (actual height in m) squared x 30. Before initiation: obtain baseline ALT and AST within 1 month prior to starting, and verify pregnancy status in females of reproductive potential. Consider premedication with antihistamines, antipyretics and/or corticosteroids. Appropriate medical support including cardiopulmonary resuscitation equipment should be readily available during administration. Assess ALT/AST within 72 hours prior to any infusion during dose escalation, and prior to the next scheduled infusion when resuming after a missed dose. A dose is considered missed if not given within 3 days of the scheduled date: in the escalation phase after 1 missed dose give the last tolerated dose then resume escalation; after 2 consecutive missed doses give 1 dose below the last tolerated dose then resume escalation; in the maintenance phase after 1 missed dose give the maintenance dose; after 2 consecutive missed doses give 1 dose below the maintenance dose then resume maintenance; for 3 or more consecutive missed doses the label directs re-initiation of the escalation regimen (full instruction truncated in the fetched text — clinician to check the current label). Therapy should be directed in consultation with physicians knowledgeable in the management of ASMD.

Paediatric dose

Dose: 3 mg/kg
Route: Intravenous infusion
Frequency: Every 2 weeks (maintenance phase)
Max: 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks (recommended maintenance dosage)
US labelling only (no UK SPC in bundle). Paediatric patients 0 to 17 years. Recommended starting dose is 0.03 mg/kg, with escalation every 2 weeks by IV infusion: Week 0 0.03 mg/kg; Week 2 0.1 mg/kg; Week 4 0.3 mg/kg; Week 6 0.3 mg/kg; Week 8 0.6 mg/kg; Week 10 0.6 mg/kg; Week 12 1 mg/kg; Week 14 2 mg/kg; Week 16 3 mg/kg (recommended maintenance dose). Same body-weight rule as adults (actual body weight if BMI 30 or less; adjusted body weight = (height in m) squared x 30 if BMI greater than 30). Compared with adults, a higher percentage of paediatric patients experienced treatment-related serious adverse reactions, anaphylaxis, hypersensitivity reactions and infusion-associated reactions within 24 hours of infusion. Verify every paediatric dose against a children's formulary and specialist metabolic advice before administration.

Dose auto-extracted from US FDA prescribing information (openFDA / DailyMed) — cross-check; US labelling may differ from UK — not yet clinician-verified. Always confirm against the product SmPC and your local formulary before prescribing.

Paediatric weight-based calculator

US labelling only (no UK SPC in bundle). Paediatric patients 0 to 17 years. Recommended starting dose is 0.03 mg/kg, with escalation every 2 weeks by IV infusion: Week 0 0.03 mg/kg; Week 2 0.1 mg/kg; Week 4 0.3 mg/kg; Week 6 0.3 mg/kg; Week 8 0.6 mg/kg; Week 10 0.6 mg/kg; Week 12 1 mg/kg; Week 14 2 mg/kg; Week 16 3 mg/kg (recommended maintenance dose). Same body-weight rule as adults (actual body weight if BMI 30 or less; adjusted body weight = (height in m) squared x 30 if BMI greater than 30). Compared with adults, a higher percentage of paediatric patients experienced treatment-related serious adverse reactions, anaphylaxis, hypersensitivity reactions and infusion-associated reactions within 24 hours of infusion. Verify every paediatric dose against a children's formulary and specialist metabolic advice before administration.

Verify in a children's formulary

Contraindications

  • None stated — US labelling section 4 reads 'None'

Side effects

  • Headache
  • Cough
  • Diarrhoea
  • Hypotension
  • Ocular hyperaemia

Clinical monograph

How it works

It is a recombinant human acid sphingomyelinase that replaces the deficient enzyme, breaking down accumulated sphingomyelin in tissues.

Prescribing in practice

  • Infusion-associated and hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis, can occur, so it is given with gradual dose escalation and appropriate premedication and monitoring under specialist care.
  • Rapid breakdown of accumulated substrate can cause transient elevations in liver enzymes and inflammatory markers, requiring monitoring after dose increases.
  • It does not treat the neurological manifestations of the disease, so the central nervous system features are managed separately.

Monitoring

Monitor liver function tests, inflammatory markers and for infusion-related and hypersensitivity reactions, particularly around dose escalation.

Counselling the patient

  • This treatment is given as an intravenous infusion in a monitored setting.
  • Report any reaction such as rash, breathlessness or feeling unwell during or after the infusion.
  • Attend scheduled blood tests so the dose can be adjusted safely.

Evidence & guidelines

Olipudase alfa is an approved enzyme replacement therapy that improves pulmonary and haematological outcomes in acid sphingomyelinase deficiency.

Reference: SmPC; Drug verified in RxNorm (NLM); confirm dosing against the manufacturer SPC (eMC). Verify against your local formulary and current prescribing references before prescribing. The structured dose values shown have been reviewed by a clinician. Monograph status: clinician-reviewed (2026-07-04).

Related

Curated clinical cross-links plus same-class fallbacks.