Anthrax Vaccine

How it works

It stimulates the immune system to produce protective antibodies, predominantly against the protective antigen component, conferring active immunity against anthrax.

Prescribing in practice

• It is indicated for pre-exposure protection of at-risk groups and should be given as part of a recognised immunisation schedule with appropriate boosters; it does not replace post-exposure antibiotic prophylaxis when exposure occurs.
• Defer in acute febrile illness and avoid in those with a confirmed severe hypersensitivity to the vaccine or its components.
• Administer in a setting equipped to manage anaphylaxis and record the vaccination according to local immunisation policy.

Monitoring

Observe for immediate hypersensitivity after administration and review the immunisation record to ensure the schedule and boosters are completed.

Counselling the patient

• This vaccine protects people at risk of exposure to anthrax.
• Local reactions such as soreness at the injection site are common and usually settle.
• Completing the full course and any boosters is important for protection.

Evidence & guidelines

Anthrax immunisation is recommended for occupationally exposed groups in line with national immunisation guidance such as the Green Book.