cardiology neurology
PFO-Associated Stroke Causal Likelihood (PASCAL) Classification
Clinical classification system assessing likelihood that a patent foramen ovale (PFO) was the cause of cryptogenic stroke, to guide PFO closure decisions. Based on RoPE score and echocardiographic features.
References
- Kent DM et al. The PFO International Consensus Study: developing an evidence-based approach to PFO management. JACC Cardiovascular Interventions. 2021;14(8):844-857.
- Mas JL et al. Patent foramen ovale closure or anticoagulation vs. antiplatelets after stroke (CLOSE). N Engl J Med. 2017;377(11):1011-1021.
Related
Curated clinical cross-links plus same-class fallbacks.
Drugs
- Edoxaban (AF Stroke Prevention / VTE) · Direct Factor Xa Inhibitor (DOAC)
- Clopidogrel (Stroke/TIA Secondary Prevention) · Antiplatelet (P2Y12 Inhibitor)
- Dabigatran (Stroke Prevention — AF) · Direct Oral Anticoagulant — Thrombin Inhibitor
- Rivaroxaban (Stroke Prevention — AF) · Direct Oral Anticoagulant — Factor Xa Inhibitor
- Edoxaban (Stroke Prevention) · Stroke Prevention
- Indomethacin (Patent Ductus Arteriosus) · NSAID — COX Inhibitor (PDA Closure in Neonates)
Pathways
- Acute Heart Failure · ESC 2021 Heart Failure Guidelines; NICE NG106
- NSTEMI / Unstable Angina · ESC 2020 NSTEMI Guidelines; NICE NG185
- New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation · ESC 2020 AF Guidelines; NICE NG196
- Hypertensive Emergency · ESC/ESH 2018 Hypertension Guidelines; NICE NG136
- Bradycardia Management · Resuscitation Council UK ABCDE; ESC 2021 Pacing Guidelines
- Ventricular Tachycardia / Fibrillation · Resuscitation Council UK ACLS; ESC 2022 Ventricular Arrhythmia Guidelines
Decision support only — verify against MDCalc, NICE, or your local guideline before clinical use.