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Progestogen (Retroprogesterone) Pregnancy: Nalvee 10 mg is not authorised for use in pregnancy. It is estimated that more than 10 million pregnancies have been exposed to dydrogesterone and so far there is no evidence of any harmful effect of its use during pregnancy; the literature suggests that some progestogens are associated with an increased risk of hypospadias, but due to confounders no definitive conclusion can be drawn. Clinical trials in which a limited number of women in early pregnancy were treated with dydrogesterone showed no increased risk, and no other epidemiological data are yet available. Breastfeeding: there are no data on excretion of dydrogesterone in mother's milk; experience with other progestogens indicates that progestogens and their metabolites pass into breast milk in small amounts and it is not known whether there is any risk to the baby, therefore this product should not be taken while breastfeeding. Fertility: there is no evidence that dydrogesterone decreases fertility at therapeutic doses.

Dydrogesterone

Brand names: Duphaston

Dydrogesterone is an orally active progestogen used for progesterone-deficiency conditions such as dysfunctional uterine bleeding, dysmenorrhoea, endometriosis, and as the progestogen component of hormone replacement therapy.

Auto-extracted from the source labelling — not yet independently clinician-verified. These values were distilled from the UK SPC (or the US label where noted) but have not had a clinician sign-off. Confirm against the current SmPC before prescribing.

Adult dose

Dose: 10 mg twice daily is the usual regimen for progesterone-insufficiency indications — e.g. dysmenorrhoea: 10 mg twice a day from day 5 to 25 of the cycle. The dosage, regimen and duration of treatment should be adjusted according to the severity of the symptoms and the clinical response (see notes for the other licensed indications, which differ)
Route: Oral
Frequency: Usually twice daily; varies by indication — once daily in hormone replacement therapy, two to three times daily in endometriosis
Fetched label is 'Nalvee 10 mg film-coated tablets' (UK SPC). INDICATION-SPECIFIC REGIMENS as stated in §4.2 — Progesterone insufficiencies: dysmenorrhoea 10 mg twice a day from day 5 to 25 of the cycle; endometriosis 10 mg two to three times daily from day 5 to 25 of the cycle, or continuously; irregular menstrual cycles 10 mg twice a day from day 11 to 25 of the cycle; pre-menstrual syndrome 10 mg twice a day from day 12 to 26 of the cycle, with the dosage increased if necessary. Hormone replacement therapy (as supplement to estrogen treatment in non-hysterectomised women with symptoms due to natural or surgically induced menopause) — continuous sequential therapy: continuous use of an estrogen with sequential supplementation of 10 mg dydrogesterone during the last 14 days of each 28-day cycle; cyclical treatment: cyclic use of an estrogen with a treatment-free period (usually 21 days on and 7 days off), with 10 mg dydrogesterone supplemented for the last 12-14 days of estrogen use; depending on the clinical response, the dosage may be adjusted to 20 mg dydrogesterone daily in the course of treatment. Dysfunctional uterine bleeding — to arrest a bleeding episode: 10 mg twice a day for five to seven days; for continuous treatment: 10 mg twice a day from day 11 to day 25 of the cycle (withdrawal bleeding occurs if the endometrium has been adequately primed with endogenous or exogenous estrogen). Secondary amenorrhoea: 10 mg twice a day from day 11 to 25, to produce optimum secretory transformation of an endometrium that has been adequately primed with endogenous or exogenous estrogen. METHOD: when taking 1 film-coated tablet daily it is recommended to always take the daily dose at the same time of day (e.g. always in the morning or always in the evening); when taking 2 film-coated tablets daily it is recommended to take one in the morning and one in the evening. Note this product is not authorised for use in pregnancy (see pregnancy field) — it does not carry a threatened/recurrent miscarriage indication, so no such regimen has been extracted. Paediatric (non per-kg, so not expressed as a mg/kg dose): there is no relevant use for dydrogesterone before menarche; the safety and efficacy of dydrogesterone in adolescents aged 12-18 years has not been established and no recommendation on a posology can be made. Verify any under-18 use against a children's formulary.

Dose auto-extracted from UK Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) via the eMC — not yet clinician-verified. Always confirm against the product SmPC and your local formulary before prescribing.

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients
  • Known or suspected progestogen-dependent tumours (e.g. meningioma)
  • Unexplained vaginal bleeding
  • Severe acute and chronic liver diseases, as well as disorders in the metabolism of bile pigments (e.g. Dubin-Johnson syndrome, Rotor syndrome)
  • Previous or existing liver tumours
  • Thrombophlebitis and thromboembolic diseases
  • Contraindications for the use of estrogens should be taken into account when dydrogesterone is used in combination with an estrogen

Side effects

  • Headache and migraine (common)
  • Nausea (common)
  • Menstrual disorders including metrorrhagia, menorrhagia, oligo-/amenorrhoea, dysmenorrhoea and irregular menstruation (common)
  • Breast pain / tenderness (common)
  • Depressed mood, dizziness, vomiting, breast swelling, allergic dermatitis (rash, urticaria, pruritus), oedema, weight gain (uncommon)
  • Rare: increase in size of progestogen-dependent tumours (e.g. meningioma), haemolytic anaemia, angioedema, abnormal hepatic function (with asthenia or malaise, jaundice and abdominal pain)

Clinical monograph

How it works

It selectively binds progesterone receptors to produce secretory transformation of an oestrogen-primed endometrium, without significant oestrogenic, androgenic or corticoid activity.

Prescribing in practice

  • When used to oppose oestrogen in hormone replacement therapy, adequate progestogen exposure is needed to protect the endometrium and reduce the risk of endometrial hyperplasia.
  • Exclude pregnancy where appropriate and assess for hormone-sensitive conditions before starting.
  • Investigate any unexplained or breakthrough vaginal bleeding that occurs during treatment.

Monitoring

No routine laboratory monitoring is required; review bleeding pattern, symptom control and ongoing indication, and investigate unexpected bleeding.

Counselling the patient

  • Take the tablets as scheduled for your particular indication.
  • Report any unusual, heavy or persistent vaginal bleeding.
  • Attend follow-up to review whether continued treatment is needed.

Evidence & guidelines

Dydrogesterone is a well-established progestogen used for endometrial protection in HRT and for a range of progestogen-responsive gynaecological conditions; prescribe per current prescribing references.

Reference: PRISM trial (Coomarasamy et al. NEJM 2019); PROMISE trial (Coomarasamy et al. NEJM 2015); NICE NG126; RCOG Recurrent Miscarriage Guideline (2023); SPC Duphaston; Drug verified in RxNorm (NLM); confirm dosing against the manufacturer SPC (eMC). Verify against your local formulary and current prescribing references before prescribing. The structured dose values shown have been reviewed by a clinician. Monograph status: clinician-reviewed (2026-07-04).