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Cardiology

CHA₂DS₂-VA Score for AF (2023)

2023 ACC/AHA updated AF stroke risk score — sex removed as criterion. Score ≥ 2 recommends anticoagulation in all patients.

Used in: Atrial Fibrillation

Resting BP > 140/90 mmHg or on antihypertensive therapy

Prior MI, peripheral artery disease, or aortic plaque

Score interpretation

Very Low Risk 0

CHA₂DS₂-VA 0: Very low annual stroke risk. Anticoagulation not recommended.

→ No anticoagulation recommended. Reassess annually.

Low-Intermediate Risk 1

CHA₂DS₂-VA 1: ~1% annual stroke risk. Consider anticoagulation based on clinical judgement.

→ Anticoagulation may be considered. Discuss risk/benefit with patient.

High Risk — Anticoagulate 2–9

CHA₂DS₂-VA ≥ 2: Anticoagulation recommended for all patients regardless of sex.

→ Initiate oral anticoagulation (DOAC preferred over warfarin). Reassess bleeding risk.

Interpretation bands for the CHA₂DS₂-VA. Apply clinical judgement and local guidance.

References

Related

Curated clinical cross-links plus same-class fallbacks.

📚 MRCEM Revision

Featured in these MRCEM clinical pathways

The CHA₂DS₂-VA is covered in detail — with RCEM/NICE evidence base, indications and pitfalls — in the following exam-focused pathways on our sister siteReviseMRCEM.

MRCEM Primary / Intermediate / OSCE candidates: each pathway includes exam-style questions, RCEM/NICE citations, and FAQ summaries.

Decision support only — verify against a current formulary, NICE, or your local guideline before clinical use.