cardiology respiratory
WHO Functional Classification (Pulmonary Hypertension)
WHO/NYHA functional classification for pulmonary arterial hypertension. Guides treatment escalation and transplant listing criteria.
Score interpretation
WHO Class I-II: Low-intermediate risk
→ Oral PAH monotherapy (ambrisentan/macitentan + PDE5i); annual reassessment
WHO Class II-III: Intermediate risk
→ Combination oral PAH therapy; 6MWD monitoring; specialist PAH centre; consider IV prostacyclin
WHO Class III-IV: High risk
→ IV prostacyclin (epoprostenol); triple combination therapy; lung transplant listing evaluation; right heart catheterisation
Interpretation bands for the PH WHO Class. Apply clinical judgement and local guidance.
References
Related
Curated clinical cross-links plus same-class fallbacks.
Drugs
- Epoprostenol · Prostacyclin (PGI2) — Severe Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
- Treprostinil · Prostacyclin Analogue — Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension / Digital Ulcers
- Selexipag · Prostacyclin Receptor (IP Receptor) Agonist — Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
- Selexipag · Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
- Macitentan · Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
- Sildenafil (Paediatric — PPHN / PAH) · PDE5 Inhibitor (Paediatric Pulmonary Hypertension)
Pathways
- Acute Heart Failure · ESC 2021 Heart Failure Guidelines; NICE NG106
- NSTEMI / Unstable Angina · ESC 2020 NSTEMI Guidelines; NICE NG185
- New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation · ESC 2020 AF Guidelines; NICE NG196
- Hypertensive Emergency · ESC/ESH 2018 Hypertension Guidelines; NICE NG136
- Bradycardia Management · Resuscitation Council UK ABCDE; ESC 2021 Pacing Guidelines
- Ventricular Tachycardia / Fibrillation · Resuscitation Council UK ACLS; ESC 2022 Ventricular Arrhythmia Guidelines
Decision support only — verify against a current formulary, NICE, or your local guideline before clinical use.