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Heart Failure Pregnancy: No data in pregnant women; animal studies do not indicate reproductive toxicity. As a precautionary measure it is preferable to avoid use during pregnancy. Breast-feeding: no effects on the breastfed infant are anticipated as systemic exposure is negligible

Patiromer

Brand names: Veltassa

Used in: Hyperkalaemia

Patiromer is an orally administered non-absorbed potassium-binding polymer used to treat hyperkalaemia, including in patients with heart failure or chronic kidney disease taking renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors.

Auto-extracted from the source labelling — not yet independently clinician-verified. These values were distilled from the UK SPC (or the US label where noted) but have not had a clinician sign-off. Confirm against the current SmPC before prescribing.

Adult dose

Dose: 8.4 g patiromer (recommended starting dose)
Route: Oral (powder mixed with water to a uniform suspension; may also be given via nasogastric or PEG tube)
Frequency: Once daily
Max: 25.2 g daily
The daily dose may be increased or decreased by 8.4 g as necessary to reach the desired target range, adjusted at intervals of one week or longer based on serum potassium. Multiple sachets may be used to achieve the dose. Onset of action is 4-7 hours after administration — Veltassa must NOT replace emergency treatment for life-threatening hyperkalaemia. Administration should be separated by 3 hours from other oral medicinal products. If serum potassium falls below the desired range, reduce or discontinue the dose; on discontinuation serum potassium may rise as early as 2 days after the last dose. Missed dose: take as soon as possible the same day; do not take with the next dose. Duration of treatment individualised by the treating physician. ADOLESCENTS 12 TO 17 YEARS (not a per-kg regimen, so not captured as a structured paediatric dose): recommended starting dose 4 g patiromer once daily, adjusted on serum potassium up to a maximum of 25.2 g daily; switch to 8.4 g sachets if doses above 7 g are needed; data limited to 6 months exposure, so treatment beyond 6 months should be done with caution. Safety and efficacy in children under 12 years have not been established. Elderly: no special dose and administration guidelines. Preparation volumes are dose-dependent — source lists 1 g:10 mL, 2 g:20 mL, 3 g:30 mL, 4 g:40 mL and a further '4 g: 80 mL' entry that appears to be a source transcription error (verify against the SPC); for NG/PEG administration use 160 mL for doses above 8.4 g up to 16.8 g and 240 mL for doses above 16.8 g up to 25.2 g. Take within 1 hour of initial suspension; do not heat, do not add to heated food or liquid, do not take in dry form. Limited experience in patients with serum potassium above 6.5 mmol/L.

Dose adjustments

Renal

No specific dose adjustment stated. Limited data in patients on dialysis — no special dose and administration guidelines were applied to these patients in clinical trials; patiromer has been studied only in a limited number of patients with end-stage renal disease (source text gives eGFR '15 mL/min/1.73 m2' with the inequality symbol lost in extraction — verify against the SPC). No paediatric patients receiving dialysis have been treated

Dose auto-extracted from UK Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) via the eMC; US FDA prescribing information (openFDA / DailyMed) — cross-check; US labelling may differ from UK — not yet clinician-verified. Always confirm against the product SmPC and your local formulary before prescribing.

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients

Side effects

  • Constipation (3.7%, common)
  • Diarrhoea (3%, common)
  • Hypomagnesaemia (1.8%, common) — monitor serum magnesium for at least 1 month after initiation and consider supplementation
  • Abdominal pain (1.4%) and nausea (1.3%), common
  • Flatulence (1%, common); vomiting and hypersensitivity reactions (rash, urticaria, swelling of the oral cavity and lips) uncommon/post-marketing

Interactions

  • Binds some orally co-administered medicinal products and can reduce their absorption — separate administration of other oral medicinal products by 3 hours (except those shown not to have a clinically important interaction)
  • Cranberry juice used to prepare the suspension should be limited to moderate amounts (for example less than 400 mL per day) because of potential interaction with other medicinal products
  • RAAS inhibitors and diuretics: monitor serum potassium after any change to medicinal products that affect serum potassium and after patiromer dose titration or discontinuation

Clinical monograph

How it works

It exchanges calcium for potassium in the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract, predominantly the colon, increasing faecal potassium excretion and thereby lowering serum potassium.

Prescribing in practice

  • Separate patiromer from other oral medicines by several hours because it can bind co-administered drugs in the gut and reduce their absorption.
  • It is not for emergency treatment of life-threatening hyperkalaemia owing to its delayed onset of action.
  • It can lower serum magnesium and cause gastrointestinal effects such as constipation; review concomitant potassium-raising therapy and dietary potassium.

Monitoring

Monitor serum potassium and magnesium during treatment and after any dose adjustment, with more frequent checks when renin-angiotensin therapy is changed.

Counselling the patient

  • Take other medicines separated from this one by a few hours as advised.
  • Do not heat the medicine and mix the powder with water as instructed before taking.
  • Continue with any prescribed low-potassium diet and report constipation.

Evidence & guidelines

Trials including OPAL-HK and AMETHYST-DN showed patiromer lowers and maintains normal serum potassium and can enable continued renin-angiotensin-aldosterone inhibition; it is recommended by NICE in specified hyperkalaemia settings.

Reference: DIAMOND trial NEJM 2019; 380(18):1717-1728; NICE TA592; MHRA 2017; ESC HF Guidelines 2021; Drug verified in RxNorm (NLM); confirm dosing against the manufacturer SPC (eMC). Verify against your local formulary and current prescribing references before prescribing. The structured dose values shown have been reviewed by a clinician. Monograph status: clinician-reviewed (2026-07-04).

Related

Curated clinical cross-links plus same-class fallbacks.