Pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine (adsorbed)

How it works

Pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides are conjugated to a carrier protein, generating a T-cell-dependent immune response that produces immunological memory and protection in infants, which plain polysaccharide vaccines cannot achieve.

Prescribing in practice

• As with all vaccines, it is contraindicated in those with confirmed anaphylaxis to a previous dose or to a vaccine component, and administration should be deferred during acute severe febrile illness.
• It should be given by intramuscular injection according to the national immunisation schedule, with timing and number of doses determined by age and risk group as set out in current immunisation guidance.
• Facilities for managing a rare anaphylactic reaction must be available, and the conjugate and polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccines have distinct roles that should not be confused.

Monitoring

No laboratory monitoring is required; observe for immediate hypersensitivity after administration and record the dose in the immunisation record.

Counselling the patient

• Soreness at the injection site, mild fever or irritability for a day or two is common and expected.
• This vaccine protects against several types of pneumococcal bacteria but not all causes of chest infection.
• Tell the immuniser about any serious reaction to a previous vaccine dose.

Evidence & guidelines

The pneumococcal conjugate vaccine is part of the UK routine childhood immunisation schedule, supported by Public Health guidance demonstrating reductions in invasive pneumococcal disease.