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Benzodiazepine (anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant)

Diazepam (Anxiolytic/Sedative)

Brand names: Valium, Stesolid

This covers diazepam used as an anxiolytic and sedative - a long-acting benzodiazepine for the short-term relief of severe, disabling anxiety and for short-term sedation.

Dosing — being independently re-sourced

ClinCalc Pro is rebuilding its dose data from primary open sources — the manufacturer SmPC (eMC), the WHO Model Formulary and other official references — under clinician review. This drug's structured dose is not yet published here. Confirm all doses against the product SmPC and your local formulary before prescribing.

Clinical monograph

How it works

It enhances GABA-mediated inhibitory neurotransmission at the GABA-A receptor, producing anxiolytic, sedative, muscle-relaxant and anticonvulsant effects.

Prescribing in practice

  • Because of the risk of tolerance and dependence, it should be used at the lowest effective dose for the shortest possible time (short-term use only), and longer courses tapered gradually.
  • Co-administration with opioids, alcohol or other CNS depressants markedly increases the risk of sedation and fatal respiratory depression.
  • Its long half-life and active metabolites cause accumulation, so use reduced doses and extra caution in the elderly and in hepatic impairment.

Monitoring

Monitor sedation, response, and for signs of tolerance or dependence, reviewing the need to continue at regular intervals.

Counselling the patient

  • This medicine is for short-term use, as regular use can lead to dependence.
  • Do not drink alcohol with it, and be aware it can impair driving.
  • Do not stop it suddenly after prolonged use - it should be reduced gradually.

Evidence & guidelines

NICE and MHRA advise that benzodiazepines such as diazepam be reserved for short-term use because of the risk of dependence and withdrawal.

Reference: NICE CG113 Generalised Anxiety; PHE Alcohol Withdrawal Guidelines; Drug verified in RxNorm (NLM); confirm dosing against the manufacturer SPC (eMC). Verify against your local formulary and current prescribing references before prescribing. Monograph status: clinician-reviewed (2026-07-04).

Related

Curated clinical cross-links plus same-class fallbacks.

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