Seizures & Epilepsy

Also: status epilepticus · convulsion · fits

Seizures range from a single self-limiting event to status epilepticus, a medical emergency. Tools support recurrence-risk assessment, classification and acute management.

The relevant scores, anti-seizure drugs and pathways are gathered here.

Calculators & scores

Status Epilepticus Severity Score (STESS)

Epilepsy
BER Score (Benign vs Epileptic vs Other Paroxysmal Events)

Headache / Epilepsy
Febrile Seizure Risk Stratification

Seizures / Neurology
Corrected Phenytoin Level

Drug Dosing
First Unprovoked Seizure — Recurrence Risk

Epilepsy
Epilepsy Risk after First Seizure (MESS Score)

Epilepsy
Prediction of Alcohol Withdrawal Severity Scale (PAWSS)

Alcohol Withdrawal

Decision pathways

Seizure Management in Children

NICE CG137 / APLS
Status Epilepticus (Adults)

NICE CG137; ESEM guidelines; RCP Neurology Guidelines
Adult Convulsive Status Epilepticus

NICE NG217; RCEM 2022
Febrile Convulsion

NICE; RCPCH — CG102
Paediatric Status Epilepticus

APLS 6th Ed; NICE NG217 (epilepsies)

Drugs

Midazolam (IV/IM)

Benzodiazepine
Midazolam

Benzodiazepine
Lorazepam

Benzodiazepine
Phenytoin / Fosphenytoin

Antiepileptic — Status Epilepticus (Second-Line)
Levetiracetam (IV)

Antiepileptic — Status Epilepticus (Second-Line)
Sodium Valproate (Epilepsy in Elderly)

Antiepileptic
Lorazepam (Elderly — Short-Term Use)

Benzodiazepine
Levetiracetam

Antiepileptic
Phenytoin

Antiepileptic (sodium channel blocker)
Sodium Valproate

Antiepileptic / Mood stabiliser
Carbamazepine

Antiepileptic / Trigeminal neuralgia
Diazepam (Rectal)

Benzodiazepine / Antiepileptic

Decision support only. These tools are aggregated by topic to aid navigation — always apply clinical judgement and the relevant national or local guideline.