Human papillomavirus vaccine

How it works

It contains virus-like particles assembled from HPV capsid (L1) proteins, which stimulate type-specific neutralising antibodies that prevent the targeted HPV types from infecting epithelial cells.

Prescribing in practice

• It is prophylactic and does not treat existing HPV infection or established disease, so it gives most benefit when given before exposure.
• It is contraindicated in those with a confirmed anaphylactic reaction to a previous dose or a vaccine component.
• Administer intramuscularly per the routine adolescent programme, following the relevant Green Book chapter, the SPC and current prescribing references for schedule.

Monitoring

Routine antibody monitoring is not required; observe after administration for hypersensitivity, and syncope can occur so vaccinees should be seated.

Counselling the patient

• Vaccination works best when given before any exposure to the virus.
• Those eligible should still attend cervical screening when invited, as the vaccine does not cover every cancer-causing type.
• Fainting can happen around vaccination, so sit or lie down as advised.

Evidence & guidelines

HPV vaccination of adolescents, and the move to a reduced-dose schedule, follow recommendations in the UK immunisation guidance (the Green Book).