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Combined oral contraceptive Pregnancy: Not indicated during pregnancy — if pregnancy occurs during medication, the preparation should be withdrawn immediately. Epidemiological studies indicate no increased risk of congenital anomalies in children born to women who used oral contraceptives before pregnancy, and most recent studies do not indicate a teratogenic effect when taken inadvertently in early pregnancy. Consider the increased risk of VTE in the postpartum period when re-starting. Breast-feeding: use during lactation may reduce the volume of milk produced and change its composition, and minute amounts of the active substances are excreted in milk — if possible the nursing mother should be advised to use another form of contraception, particularly in the first 6 weeks post-partum.

Ethinylestradiol with norgestimate

Brand names: Cilique, Lizinna

A combined oral contraceptive of ethinylestradiol with norgestimate, a progestogen also used for moderate acne in women seeking contraception.

Auto-extracted from the source labelling — not yet independently clinician-verified. These values were distilled from the UK SPC (or the US label where noted) but have not had a clinician sign-off. Confirm against the current SmPC before prescribing.

Adult dose

Dose: One tablet (Cilique 250/35 microgram tablets) daily for 21 consecutive days
Route: Oral administration
Frequency: One tablet at around the same time of day on each of 21 consecutive days, followed by a tablet-free interval of 7 days; each subsequent pack is started after keeping the tablet-free interval. Withdrawal bleed usually occurs 2-3 days after the last tablet and may not finish before the next pack is started
STARTING — no preceding hormonal contraceptive use in the last month: start on the 1st day of the menstrual cycle (first day of menstrual bleeding). If menstruation has already begun, Cilique may be commenced up to day 5 of the menstrual period provided additional contraceptive precautions are taken for the first 7 days of tablet taking. SWITCHING — from a combined contraceptive (COC, vaginal ring or transdermal patch): start the next day after the last active tablet of the previous pack, but no later than the day after the usual tablet-free or placebo-tablet period; for a ring or patch, start preferably on the day of removal, at the latest when the next application would have been due. From a progestin-only method or progestogen-releasing IUS: may change from progestogen-only pills any day, taking the first tablet the day after any POP tablet; from an implant or IUS start the day it is removed; from injections start when the next injection is due — in all these cases also use a barrier method for the first 7 days. AFTER PREGNANCY — following a first-trimester abortion, may be used immediately with no additional method needed. Following delivery or a second-trimester abortion, start at day 21 to 28 after delivery or second-trimester abortion; if starting later, use a barrier method for the first 7 days (exclude pregnancy first if intercourse has already occurred). Note the increased risk of thromboembolic disease when oral contraceptives are given in the immediate postpartum/post-miscarriage period. Postpartum (not breast-feeding): may start on the first day of the first spontaneous menstruation or 3 weeks after delivery, whichever comes first. MISSED TABLETS — missing a tablet by less than 12 hours does not diminish contraceptive protection: take the tablet as soon as remembered and continue as usual. Missing a tablet by more than 12 hours can diminish protection; tablet-taking should never be interrupted for longer than 7 days, and 7 days of uninterrupted tablet-taking are needed to suppress the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. Week 1: take the last missed tablet as soon as remembered (even if two tablets at once), continue at the usual time, and use a barrier method for the next 7 days; consider pregnancy if intercourse occurred in the previous 7 days. Week 2: take the last missed tablet as soon as remembered and continue as usual; no additional precautions if the preceding 7 days were taken correctly, otherwise (or if more than 1 tablet was missed) use another method for 7 days. Week 3: either (1) take the last missed tablet as soon as remembered, continue as usual and start the next pack immediately with no gap (a withdrawal bleed is unlikely until the end of the second pack, and spotting or breakthrough bleeding may occur), or (2) discontinue the current pack, have a tablet-free interval of up to 7 days including the missed days, then continue with the next pack — no additional precautions are needed if the preceding 7 days were taken correctly, otherwise follow option 1 plus another method for 7 days. Consider pregnancy if no withdrawal bleed follows in the first normal tablet-free interval. DELAYING MENSTRUATION — when all tablets of the strip have been taken, a new strip can be started and tablets taken for the number of days needed, followed by 7 tablet-free days (the SPC extract is truncated at this point — clinician to confirm from the SPC). PAEDIATRIC — no paediatric posology is stated in this SPC section (§4.2 is headed 'Adults').

Dose auto-extracted from UK Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) via the eMC — not yet clinician-verified. Always confirm against the product SmPC and your local formulary before prescribing.

Contraindications

  • Presence or risk of venous thromboembolism — current VTE (on anticoagulants) or history of DVT/PE; known hereditary or acquired predisposition (APC-resistance including Factor V Leiden, antithrombin-III deficiency, protein C deficiency, protein S deficiency); major surgery with prolonged immobilisation; high risk of VTE due to multiple risk factors
  • Presence or risk of arterial thromboembolism — current or previous ATE (e.g. myocardial infarction) or prodromal condition (e.g. angina pectoris); cerebrovascular disease (current or previous stroke, or TIA); known hereditary or acquired predisposition (hyperhomocysteinaemia, antiphospholipid antibodies); history of migraine with focal neurological symptoms
  • High risk of arterial thromboembolism due to multiple risk factors or one serious risk factor such as diabetes mellitus with vascular symptoms, severe hypertension or severe dyslipoproteinaemia
  • Acute or chronic liver disease, including hepatitis (viral or non-viral) or severe cirrhosis, or a history of these conditions until at least 3 months after abnormal liver function tests have returned to normal; hepatic adenomas or carcinomas
  • Known or suspected sex-steroid influenced malignancies (e.g. of the genital organs or the breast)
  • Undiagnosed vaginal bleeding
  • Hypersensitivity to the active substances or to any of the excipients
  • Concomitant use with medicinal products containing ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir and dasabuvir, or medicinal products containing glecaprevir/pibrentasvir

Side effects

  • Headache (27.9% in pooled clinical trials — the most commonly reported ADR)
  • Vaginal infection (7.5%), genital discharge (6.0%)
  • Breast pain (5.7%)
  • By-cycle reactions, highest in cycle 1: dysmenorrhoea 40.4%, nausea 29.1%, metrorrhagia 26.3%, gastrointestinal disorder (reported as nausea or vomiting) 24.6%, abnormal withdrawal bleeding 16.9%, vomiting 7.0%; amenorrhoea also reported
  • Diarrhoea (11.8%) and back pain (5.4%) — most commonly reported reactions identified during post-marketing experience with norgestimate and ethinyl estradiol tablets
  • Increased risk of arterial and venous thrombotic and thromboembolic events, including myocardial infarction, stroke, transient ischaemic attacks, venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism

Interactions

  • Medicinal products containing ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir and dasabuvir, or glecaprevir/pibrentasvir — concomitant use is contraindicated (stated in SPC §4.3 cross-referring to §4.4 and §4.5; the full §4.5 interaction section was not captured in this bundle — clinician to review it)

Clinical monograph

How it works

It suppresses ovulation via the hypothalamic-pituitary axis and thickens cervical mucus and alters the endometrium; norgestimate has relatively low androgenic activity, contributing to its benefit in acne.

Prescribing in practice

  • Norgestimate-containing pills carry one of the lower VTE risks among combined contraceptives and are an acceptable first-line option, but UKMEC contraindications still apply.
  • Screen for migraine with aura, cardiovascular risk factors and thrombosis history before prescribing.
  • Advise on missed-pill rules and reduced efficacy with enzyme inducers or significant vomiting or diarrhoea.

Monitoring

Check blood pressure and reassess cardiovascular and VTE risk at initiation and at periodic review.

Counselling the patient

  • Take at the same time each day and follow missed-pill advice.
  • Any improvement in acne may take a few cycles to appear.
  • Seek urgent help for leg swelling, chest pain, breathlessness or sudden severe headache.

Evidence & guidelines

MHRA and UKMEC place norgestimate-containing combined pills among the lower VTE-risk options suitable for first-line use.

Reference: FSRH CHC guideline; UKMEC; Drug verified in RxNorm (NLM); confirm dosing against the manufacturer SPC (eMC). Verify against your local formulary and current prescribing references before prescribing. The structured dose values shown have been reviewed by a clinician. Monograph status: clinician-reviewed (2026-07-04).

Related

Curated clinical cross-links plus same-class fallbacks.