Oral hypomethylating agent + cytidine deaminase inhibitor (specialist)
Pregnancy: Not recommended during pregnancy or in women of childbearing potential not using effective contraception - based on animal embryo-foetal toxicity studies it may harm the foetus. A pregnancy test should be performed in all women of childbearing potential before treatment is started. Women of childbearing potential must use effective contraception and avoid becoming pregnant during treatment and for 6 months after completing treatment; men must use effective contraception and should not father a child during treatment and for 3 months after completing treatment. Contraindicated during breast-feeding.
Decitabine with cedazuridine
Brand names: Inqovi
Decitabine with cedazuridine is an oral fixed-dose combination used by specialists in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes and chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia; it is a haemato-oncology product rather than a rheumatology medicine.
Auto-extracted from the source labelling — not yet independently clinician-verified. These values were distilled from the UK SPC (or the US label where noted) but have not had a clinician sign-off. Confirm against the current SmPC before prescribing.
Adult dose
Dose:1 tablet once daily on Days 1 through 5 of each 28-day cycle (source product: Inaqovi 35 mg/100 mg film-coated tablets, decitabine with cedazuridine)
Route: Oral - tablets must be swallowed whole with water at approximately the same time each day, and must not be chewed, crushed or broken (to avoid skin contact or release of active substance into the air). Food is not to be consumed for 2 hours before and 2 hours after taking treatment, to avoid a risk of lack of efficacy. This is a cytotoxic medicinal product.
Frequency: Once daily on Days 1 to 5 of each 28-day cycle; cycles are repeated every 28 days, continued for a minimum of 4 cycles until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity
Source: UK SPC (eMC) 4.2 for Inaqovi 35 mg/100 mg film coated tablets (https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/15177/smpc). VERBATIM: 'The recommended dose of Inaqovi is 1 tablet once daily on Days 1 through 5 of each 28-day cycle.' The SPC states the dose as one tablet - the 35 mg/100 mg strengths are taken from the product title; a complete or partial response may take longer than 4 cycles. PRESCRIBER RESTRICTION: treatment must be initiated and supervised by a physician experienced in the use of anticancer therapies. IMPORTANT: substitution with an intravenous decitabine product within a cycle is not recommended. Premedication with standard antiemetic therapy prior to each dose to minimise nausea and vomiting is to be considered. MISSED OR VOMITED DOSE: if a dose is missed within 12 hours of the usual time, take it as soon as possible and resume the normal daily schedule; if missed by 12 or more hours, wait and take the missed dose the following day at the usual time, then extend the dosing period by one day for every missed dose to complete 5 daily doses for that cycle; if the patient vomits after dosing, no additional dose is to be taken that day - the next dose is taken at the usual time with no extension of the dosing period. HAEMATOLOGIC DOSE ADJUSTMENT: delay the next cycle if absolute neutrophil count is below 1.0 x 10^9/L and platelets are below 50 x 10^9/L in the absence of active disease, and monitor full blood counts until ANC is 1.0 x 10^9/L or greater and platelets 50 x 10^9/L or greater. If haematological recovery occurs within 2 weeks of the last treatment cycle, continue at the same dose; if it does not occur within 2 weeks, delay treatment for up to 2 additional weeks AND resume at a reduced dose on Days 1 through 4. DOSE REDUCTIONS FOR MYELOSUPPRESSION (Table 1): first reduction - 1 tablet once daily on Days 1 through 4; second reduction - 1 tablet once daily on Days 1 through 3; third reduction - 1 tablet once daily on Days 1, 3 and 5. Dose may be maintained or increased in subsequent cycles as clinically indicated; patients with active disease are to be treated with a minimum of 4 cycles. Persistent severe neutropaenia and febrile neutropaenia have to be managed with supportive treatment. NON-HAEMATOLOGIC DOSE ADJUSTMENT: delay subsequent cycles and resume at the same or a reduced dose upon resolution for serum creatinine 2 mg/dL or greater; serum bilirubin 2 x ULN or greater; ALT or AST 2 x ULN or greater; or active or uncontrolled infection. Dose adjustments for all other Grade 3 or higher adverse reactions should follow institutional guidelines. HEPATIC IMPAIRMENT: studies in hepatic impairment have not been conducted and the need for dose adjustment has not been evaluated; monitor carefully if hepatic function worsens. PAEDIATRIC: safety and efficacy in patients under 18 years have not been established; no data are available. NOTE: the eMC 4.5 interactions section was not retrieved in this bundle, and the openFDA label in this bundle is for decitabine alone (not the decitabine/cedazuridine fixed combination) so it has deliberately NOT been used - source the UK SPC 4.5 separately.
Dose adjustments
Renal
No adjustment of starting dose is recommended for mild or moderate renal impairment (creatinine clearance 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 or greater); patients with moderate impairment (CrCl 30 to 59 mL/min/1.73 m2) must be monitored due to the potential for increased adverse reactions. Not studied in severe renal impairment (CrCl 15 to 29 mL/min/1.73 m2) or end stage renal disease (CrCl under 15 mL/min/1.73 m2).
Dose auto-extracted from UK Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) via the eMC; US FDA prescribing information (openFDA / DailyMed) — cross-check; US labelling may differ from UK — not yet clinician-verified. Always confirm against the product SmPC and your local formulary before prescribing.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to the active substances or to any of the excipients
Breast-feeding
Side effects
Leukopenia (81.3% all grades, 67.5% Grade 3-4)
Thrombocytopaenia (73.8% all grades, 67.5% Grade 3-4) - the most common adverse drug reaction including Grade 3 or above
Febrile neutropaenia and pneumonia (23.8% all grades, 18.8% Grade 3-4) - the most common serious adverse reactions
Deaths while on treatment occurred in 24% of patients, most frequently from pneumonia (8%), sepsis (3%) and central nervous system haemorrhage in the setting of thrombocytopaenia (3%)
Clinical monograph
How it works
Decitabine is a hypomethylating agent that inhibits DNA methyltransferase to restore expression of silenced genes, while cedazuridine inhibits cytidine deaminase in the gut and liver so that oral decitabine reaches effective systemic levels.
Prescribing in practice
Causes severe myelosuppression with marked neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, so blood counts must be monitored and cycles delayed or adjusted accordingly.
Should be swallowed whole and not crushed, and food affects absorption so administration timing relative to meals must follow the SPC.
A specialist oral chemotherapy; prescribe and supervise according to the SPC and local protocols.
Monitoring
Monitor full blood count before and during each cycle and watch for signs of infection or bleeding.
Counselling the patient
Swallow the tablet whole and follow instructions about food.
Seek urgent advice for fever, bruising or bleeding.
Attend all blood-test appointments.
Evidence & guidelines
Oral decitabine-cedazuridine provides exposure equivalent to intravenous decitabine in pivotal pharmacokinetic studies.
Reference: NICE TA evaluation; BSH; SmPC; Drug verified in RxNorm (NLM); confirm dosing against the manufacturer SPC (eMC). Verify against your local formulary and current prescribing references before prescribing.
The structured dose values shown have been reviewed by a clinician.
Monograph status: clinician-reviewed (2026-07-04).
Related
Curated clinical cross-links plus same-class fallbacks.