Ehlers-Danlos / Hypermobility Spectrum

Beighton score (0–9): each side — passive 5th finger dorsiflexion >90° (1), passive thumb to forearm (1), elbow hyperextension >10° (1), knee hyperextension >10° (1), forward flexion to floor (1). Beighton ≥4 (or ≥5 prepubertal, ≥1 in age >50) = generalised hypermobility. Distinguishing features for EDS subtypes: • Classical EDS (cEDS): skin hyperextensibility + atrophic scarring + Beighton ≥5. • Vascular EDS (vEDS): thin translucent skin + arterial / intestinal / uterine rupture + family history. • Hypermobile EDS (hEDS): generalised hypermobility + systemic features + family history (no specific gene yet). • Hypermobility spectrum disorder (HSD): hypermobility + symptoms but criteria for hEDS not met.