Acetic Acid 2% (Ear Drops)
Brand names: EarCalm, Otomize (with neomycin/dexamethasone)
Acetic acid ear drops are a topical preparation used to treat infections of the outer ear canal (otitis externa). The acidic preparation restores the normal acidity of the ear canal and has antibacterial and antifungal activity.
Adult dose
Paediatric dose
Dose adjustments
Not stated. No renal-impairment statement appears in any fetched section of either the UK SPC or the US otic label for this topical product.
Not stated. No hepatic-impairment statement appears in any fetched section of either the UK SPC or the US otic label for this topical product.
Dose independently re-sourced from UK Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) via the eMC; US FDA prescribing information (openFDA / DailyMed) — cross-check; US labelling may differ from UK — clinician-reviewed. Always confirm against the product SmPC and your local formulary before prescribing.
Contraindications
- UK SPC §4.3, verbatim: 'The product should not be used in patients with a known sensitivity to any of the ingredients.'
- UK SPC §4.3, verbatim: 'Not recommended for children under 12 years of age without medical advice.'
- US otic label CONTRAINDICATIONS, verbatim: 'Hypersensitivity to acetic acid otic solution or any of the ingredients. Perforated tympanic membrane is considered a contraindication to the use of any medication in the external ear canal.'
- Not a UK contraindication but a UK §4.4 restriction: 'Patients who are known to have a perforated ear drum should only use the product under medical supervision.' (The US label treats a perforated tympanic membrane as an outright contraindication — the two labels differ; take the stricter position.)
- Not a contraindication but a UK §4.4 instruction: 'Avoid spraying near the eyes.'
Side effects
- UK SPC §4.8, verbatim and complete: 'Some patients may experience a transient stinging or burning sensation after dosing for the first few days of treatment.'
- US otic label ADVERSE REACTIONS, verbatim and complete: 'Stinging or burning may be noted occasionally; local irritation has occurred very rarely.'
Monitoring
- UK SPC §4.4, verbatim: 'If pain occurs during use, or if symptoms worsen or do not improve within 48 hours, or if your hearing becomes impaired, stop treatment and consult your doctor.'
- UK SPC §4.4, verbatim: 'Do not use for more than 7 days.' §4.2 adds: 'Treatment should be continued until two days after symptoms have disappeared but no longer than 7 days.'
- Tympanic membrane integrity before and during use — UK §4.4 requires medical supervision if the ear drum is known to be perforated; the US label makes a perforated tympanic membrane a contraindication to any external-ear-canal medication.
- UK SPC §4.5: 'Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction — None known.'
Clinical monograph
How it works
Acetic acid lowers the pH of the ear canal, creating an acidic environment that inhibits the growth of bacteria and fungi commonly responsible for otitis externa.
Prescribing in practice
- It should not be used if the eardrum is known or suspected to be perforated, and treatment should be reviewed if symptoms do not improve, to reconsider the diagnosis.
- It may cause transient stinging or burning in the ear on application.
- It is intended for short-term topical use in the external ear canal only.
Monitoring
Review clinical response over the course of treatment and reassess if symptoms persist, worsen, or fail to settle within the expected period.
Counselling the patient
- Use the drops in the affected ear as directed and avoid getting water in the ear.
- A brief stinging sensation after putting the drops in is common and usually settles.
- See your clinician if the ear does not improve, becomes more painful, or starts to discharge.
Evidence & guidelines
Topical acidifying preparations are a long-established treatment for otitis externa, supported by clinical practice and guidance for ear canal infections.
Reference: NICE NG91 Otitis Externa; SIGN 66; Drug verified in RxNorm (NLM); confirm dosing against the manufacturer SPC (eMC). Verify against your local formulary and current prescribing references before prescribing. The structured dose values shown have been reviewed by a clinician. Monograph status: clinician-reviewed (2026-07-04).
Related
Curated clinical cross-links plus same-class fallbacks.
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- Epistaxis Management · ENT-UK / NICE
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- Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo · NICE CG124 / AAO-HNS Guidelines
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