Hepatitis A vaccine

How it works

It contains inactivated hepatitis A virus antigen that stimulates the immune system to produce protective antibodies, generating immunological memory against subsequent exposure.

Prescribing in practice

• It is contraindicated in those with a confirmed anaphylactic reaction to a previous dose or to a vaccine component, and acute febrile illness warrants deferral.
• Completion of the recommended schedule, including the later reinforcing dose, is needed for long-term protection.
• Administer by intramuscular injection and follow the relevant Green Book chapter, the SPC and current prescribing references for schedule and combined formulations.

Monitoring

Routine antibody monitoring is not generally required; observe after vaccination for immediate hypersensitivity and ensure the schedule is completed.

Counselling the patient

• A reinforcing dose is needed for lasting protection; keep a record of vaccination dates.
• Mild soreness at the injection site, headache or tiredness can occur and usually settle quickly.
• Continue food and water hygiene precautions when travelling, as no vaccine is fully protective.

Evidence & guidelines

Use of hepatitis A vaccine for travellers and other at-risk groups follows recommendations in the UK immunisation guidance (the Green Book).