Potassium Binder
Pregnancy: As a precautionary measure it is preferable to avoid the use of patiromer during pregnancy (§4.6). There are no data from use in pregnant women; animal studies do not indicate direct or indirect harmful effects with respect to reproductive toxicity. Breast-feeding: no effects on the breastfed newborn/infant are anticipated since systemic exposure of the breast-feeding woman to patiromer is negligible — decide whether to discontinue breast-feeding or the medicine. Fertility: no human data; animal studies showed no effects on reproductive function or fertility.
Patiromer
Brand names: Veltassa
Patiromer is a non-absorbed potassium-binding polymer used to treat hyperkalaemia, including in patients with chronic kidney disease or those on renin-angiotensin system inhibitors.
Auto-extracted from the source labelling — not yet independently clinician-verified. These values were distilled from the UK SPC (or the US label where noted) but have not had a clinician sign-off. Confirm against the current SmPC before prescribing.
Adult dose
Dose:8.4 g patiromer once daily (recommended starting dose); the daily dose may be increased or decreased by 8.4 g as necessary to reach the desired target range
Route: Oral — mix the powder with water and stir to a suspension of uniform consistency; take within 1 hour of initial suspension. Can also be given by nasogastric (NG) or percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube
Frequency: Once daily
Max: 25.2 g daily
Source: UK SPC (eMC) for Veltassa (Patiromer) 16.8 g powder for oral suspension, §4.2 (https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/10416/smpc). Indication is hyperkalaemia. ONSET: action occurs 4-7 hours after administration — it should NOT replace emergency treatment for life-threatening hyperkalaemia (§4.4). TITRATION: the daily dose may be adjusted at intervals of one week or longer, based on the serum potassium level and the desired target range; serum potassium should be monitored when clinically indicated; if serum potassium falls below the desired range, the dose should be reduced or discontinued. Duration of treatment should be individualised by the treating physician based on the need for serum potassium management. Multiple sachets may be used to achieve the desired dose. SEPARATION: administration of patiromer should be separated by 3 hours from other oral medicinal products (§4.5). MISSED DOSE: take as soon as possible on the same day; do not take with the next dose. PREPARATION VOLUMES (dose dependent): 1 g — 10 mL; 2 g — 20 mL; 3 g — 30 mL; 4 g — 40 mL; > 4 g — 80 mL. Pour the first half of the volume into a glass, add the complete dose, stir, then add the second half and stir thoroughly; the powder will not dissolve. More water may be added for the desired consistency, though larger volumes might accelerate sedimentation. If powder remains after drinking, add more water, stir and take immediately, repeating as needed. Instead of water, apple/cranberry/pineapple/orange/grape/pear juice, apricot or peach nectar, yoghurt, milk, thickener (e.g. cornstarch), apple sauce, or vanilla/chocolate pudding may be used — count their potassium content within the patient's dietary potassium allowance; limit cranberry juice to moderate amounts (for example less than 400 mL per day) due to its potential interaction with other medicinal products. May be taken with or without meals; must not be heated (e.g. microwaved) or added to heated foods or liquids, and must not be taken in its dry form. NG/PEG TUBE: for doses up to 8.4 g prepare as for oral use; for doses above 8.4 g and up to 16.8 g use a total volume of 160 mL, and for doses above 16.8 g and up to 25.2 g use 240 mL; compatibility shown with polyurethane, silicone and polyvinyl chloride tubes of recommended diameter 2.17 mm (6.5 Fr) or larger; flush the tube with water after administration. ELDERLY: no special dose and administration guidelines are recommended. DIALYSIS: limited data; no special dose and administration guidelines were applied in clinical trials; no paediatric patients receiving dialysis have been treated with patiromer. ESRD: studied only in a limited number of patients with eGFR < 15 mL/min/1.73 m2. PAEDIATRIC (age-based, NOT per-kg, so paedDose is null): adolescents aged 12 to 17 years — recommended starting dose 4 g patiromer once daily, adjusted on serum potassium and the desired target range up to a maximum dose of 25.2 g daily, with a recommendation to switch to 8.4 g sachets if doses above 7 g are needed; safety and efficacy in children aged under 12 years have not yet been established; data in adolescents 12-17 years are limited to 6 months exposure so treatment beyond 6 months should be done with caution. Verify any under-18 use against a children's formulary. The eMC bundle did not include the §4.5 text, so the interaction detail below is taken from the US label §7 (openFDA), which was truncated at the source-fetch limit — verify against the UK SPC §4.5.
Dose adjustments
Renal
No dose adjustment by renal function is specified. Patients on dialysis: limited data, and no special dose and administration guidelines were applied to these patients in clinical trials. End-stage renal disease: patiromer has been studied only in a limited number of patients with eGFR < 15 mL/min/1.73 m2 (§4.2).
Dose auto-extracted from UK Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) via the eMC; US FDA prescribing information (openFDA / DailyMed) — cross-check; US labelling may differ from UK — not yet clinician-verified. Always confirm against the product SmPC and your local formulary before prescribing.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients listed in section 6.1
Side effects
Constipation (3.7%) — common
Diarrhoea (3%) — common
Hypomagnesaemia (1.8%) — common; mild to moderate, with 0.3% of patients developing a serum magnesium level < 1 mg/dL (0.4 mmol/L)
Hypersensitivity reactions including rash, urticaria and swelling in the oral cavity and lips (post-marketing; mild to moderate severity). Gastrointestinal reactions were generally mild to moderate, did not appear dose related, generally resolved spontaneously or with treatment, and none were reported as serious
Interactions
Other oral medicinal products generally — administration of patiromer should be separated by 3 hours from other oral medicines (UK SPC §4.2/§4.5). The US label states other orally administered drugs should be taken at least 3 hours before or 3 hours after patiromer, except those shown not to have a clinically important interaction
Patiromer has the potential to bind some orally co-administered medications, decreasing their gastrointestinal absorption and potentially reducing their systemic exposure and clinical efficacy (US label §7.1; the drug-by-drug table was truncated at the source-fetch limit — obtain the full list)
Cranberry juice — if used to prepare the suspension, intake should in general be limited to moderate amounts (for example less than 400 mL per day) due to its potential interaction with other medicinal products (§4.2)
Clinical monograph
How it works
It exchanges calcium for potassium ions within the gastrointestinal lumen, increasing faecal potassium excretion and lowering serum potassium.
Prescribing in practice
Separate administration from other oral medicines by several hours, as patiromer can bind co-administered drugs and reduce their absorption.
It has a delayed onset and is not suitable as sole treatment for life-threatening hyperkalaemia requiring emergency management.
Mix the powder with water and take with food as directed in the SPC; monitor for hypomagnesaemia and gastrointestinal effects such as constipation.
Monitoring
Monitor serum potassium and magnesium periodically, guided by clinical context and renal function.
Counselling the patient
Take this medicine at a separate time from your other tablets, leaving a gap as advised.
Report symptoms such as constipation, swelling or muscle weakness to your clinician.
Evidence & guidelines
Patiromer is recommended by NICE as an option for managing hyperkalaemia in defined patient groups, with efficacy demonstrated in randomised controlled trials.
Reference: OPAL-HK and AMETHYST-DN trials; Drug verified in RxNorm (NLM); confirm dosing against the manufacturer SPC (eMC). Verify against your local formulary and current prescribing references before prescribing.
The structured dose values shown have been reviewed by a clinician.
Monograph status: clinician-reviewed (2026-07-04).
Related
Curated clinical cross-links plus same-class fallbacks.