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BTK inhibitor Pregnancy: Ibrutinib should not be used during pregnancy — there are no data in pregnant women and animal studies have shown reproductive toxicity. Women should avoid becoming pregnant while taking ibrutinib and for up to 3 months after ending treatment, and women of child-bearing potential must use highly effective contraception during treatment and for three months after stopping. Breast-feeding should be discontinued during treatment.

Ibrutinib (Specialist drug)

Brand names: Imbruvica

Ibrutinib is an oral specialist-initiated targeted agent licensed in haemato-oncology (notably chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, mantle cell lymphoma and Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia); in a rheumatology setting it is encountered as a comorbid medication requiring shared-care awareness rather than a disease-modifying antirheumatic drug.

Auto-extracted from the source labelling — not yet independently clinician-verified. These values were distilled from the UK SPC (or the US label where noted) but have not had a clinician sign-off. Confirm against the current SmPC before prescribing.

Adult dose

Dose: Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL): 560 mg once daily. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) and Waldenstrom's macroglobulinaemia (WM), as a single agent or in combination: 420 mg once daily.
Route: Oral — swallow tablets whole with a glass of water; do not break or chew. Must not be taken with grapefruit juice or Seville oranges.
Frequency: Once daily at approximately the same time each day; continue until disease progression or no longer tolerated (except for fixed-duration combinations)
PREVIOUSLY UNTREATED MCL (560 mg once daily): Part I is 6 cycles of 21 days — ibrutinib on days 1-19 in combination with R-CHOP at cycles 1, 3 and 5, and R-DHAP (interchangeable with R-DHAOx) without ibrutinib at cycles 2, 4 and 6; Part II is ibrutinib daily for 24 months, started after recovery of peripheral blood counts, with rituximab added per national treatment guidelines. RELAPSED OR REFRACTORY MCL: 560 mg once daily as a single agent until progression or intolerance. CLL WITH VENETOCLAX: ibrutinib 420 mg once daily as a single agent for 3 cycles (1 cycle is 28 days) followed by 12 cycles of ibrutinib plus venetoclax. When given with anti-CD20 therapy on the same day, administer ibrutinib first. CYP3A4 DOSE ADJUSTMENT: reduce to 280 mg once daily with moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors; reduce to 140 mg once daily, or withhold for up to 7 days, with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors. TOXICITY: withhold for any new onset or worsening Grade 2 cardiac failure, Grade 3 cardiac arrhythmias, Grade 3 or higher non-haematological toxicity, Grade 3 or greater neutropenia with infection or fever, or Grade 4 haematological toxicity. On recovery to Grade 1 or baseline, restart per the SPC tables — for Grade 3/4 non-haematological toxicity, Grade 3/4 neutropenia with infection or fever, or Grade 4 haematological toxicity: MCL 560 mg, then 420 mg, then 280 mg on successive occurrences and discontinue on the fourth; CLL/WM 420 mg, then 280 mg, then 140 mg and discontinue on the fourth. For Grade 2 cardiac failure: MCL restart at 420 mg then 280 mg, CLL/WM restart at 280 mg then 140 mg, discontinue on the third occurrence. For Grade 3 cardiac arrhythmias: MCL restart at 420 mg, CLL/WM restart at 280 mg, discontinue on the second occurrence. Discontinue for Grade 3 or 4 cardiac failure or Grade 4 cardiac arrhythmias. MISSED DOSE: take as soon as possible the same day and return to the normal schedule the next day; do not take extra tablets. HEPATIC: 280 mg daily in mild impairment (Child-Pugh A), 140 mg daily in moderate impairment (Child-Pugh B); not recommended in severe impairment (Child-Pugh C). ELDERLY: no specific dose adjustment at 65 years or older. SURGERY: hold for at least 3 to 7 days pre- and post-surgery depending on the type of surgery and bleeding risk. PAEDIATRIC: the UK SPC states ibrutinib is not recommended in children and adolescents aged 0 to 18 years as efficacy has not been established. US LABELLING ONLY (a different indication, not covered by the UK SPC extract) — chronic graft-versus-host disease: patients 12 years and older 420 mg orally once daily; patients 1 to less than 12 years 240 mg/m2 orally once daily up to a maximum of 420 mg, given as capsules/tablets or 70 mg/mL oral suspension per the label's body-surface-area table. This is a body-surface-area regimen, not a per-kg dose, and must be verified against a children's formulary and current UK labelling before any paediatric use.

Dose adjustments

Renal

No dose adjustment is needed for mild or moderate renal impairment (creatinine clearance greater than 30 mL/min); maintain hydration and monitor serum creatinine periodically. In severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance less than 30 mL/min) administer only if the benefit outweighs the risk and monitor closely for toxicity. There are no data in severe renal impairment or in patients on dialysis.

Dose auto-extracted from UK Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) via the eMC; US FDA prescribing information (openFDA / DailyMed) — cross-check; US labelling may differ from UK — not yet clinician-verified. Always confirm against the product SmPC and your local formulary before prescribing.

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients
  • Use of preparations containing St John's Wort

Side effects

  • Diarrhoea and nausea — among the most common adverse reactions (20% or more)
  • Neutropenia (39%, Grade 3 or higher 31%) and thrombocytopenia (29%, Grade 3 or higher 8%); lymphocytosis (15%); febrile neutropenia (4%)
  • Haemorrhage — minor events such as contusion, epistaxis and petechiae, and major events, some fatal, including gastrointestinal bleeding, intracranial haemorrhage and haematuria
  • Musculoskeletal pain, arthralgia and rash (20% or more)
  • Infections — pneumonia (12%, Grade 3 or higher 7%), upper respiratory tract infection (21%), skin infection (15%), sepsis (3%); invasive fungal infections and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy have been reported, including fatal cases
  • Hypertension and cardiac events — the most common Grade 3/4 reactions (5% or more) were neutropenia, lymphocytosis, thrombocytopenia, hypertension and pneumonia

Interactions

  • Moderate and strong CYP3A4 inhibitors — increase ibrutinib exposure; reduce the ibrutinib dose to 280 mg once daily (moderate) or 140 mg once daily or withhold for up to 7 days (strong). Avoid grapefruit juice and Seville oranges (UK SPC sections 4.2/4.4; the full section 4.5 was not retrieved in this bundle)
  • Strong CYP3A inducers — may decrease ibrutinib concentrations; avoid co-administration (US labelling). St John's Wort is contraindicated
  • Warfarin and other vitamin K antagonists — should NOT be administered concomitantly with ibrutinib
  • Anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents — increase the risk of major bleeding (higher risk with anticoagulants than antiplatelets); weigh risks and benefits and monitor for bleeding
  • Fish oil and vitamin E supplements — should be avoided

Clinical monograph

How it works

It is an irreversible inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), blocking B-cell receptor signalling to impair malignant B-lymphocyte proliferation and survival.

Prescribing in practice

  • Bleeding risk is the dominant safety concern, particularly with concurrent anticoagulants or antiplatelets, and ibrutinib is usually withheld around surgery and invasive procedures.
  • Atrial fibrillation, other arrhythmias and hypertension are recognised cardiac effects requiring baseline and ongoing cardiovascular assessment.
  • It is a CYP3A substrate, so strong inhibitors and inducers materially alter exposure and co-prescribing must be checked against current prescribing references.

Monitoring

Monitor full blood count, blood pressure, cardiac rhythm and for signs of bleeding or infection, with dose adjustment guided by the specialist team and the SPC.

Counselling the patient

  • Report unusual bruising, bleeding, palpitations or breathlessness promptly.
  • Avoid grapefruit and Seville oranges as they raise drug levels.
  • Tell any clinician you take this before surgery or dental procedures.

Evidence & guidelines

Licensing is based on pivotal randomised trials in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and other B-cell malignancies demonstrating progression-free survival benefit.

Reference: NICE TA429/TA491; SmPC; Drug verified in RxNorm (NLM); confirm dosing against the manufacturer SPC (eMC). Verify against your local formulary and current prescribing references before prescribing. The structured dose values shown have been reviewed by a clinician. Monograph status: clinician-reviewed (2026-07-04).

Related

Curated clinical cross-links plus same-class fallbacks.