Falls & Frailty

Also: frailty · falls risk · mobility

Falls and frailty are major causes of harm and dependence in older people. Structured assessment of falls risk, gait, balance and frailty guides prevention and comprehensive geriatric care.

The relevant assessment tools and pathways are gathered here.

Calculators & scores

Tinetti POMA — Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment

Falls Risk
Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test

Diagnosis
Berg Balance Scale (BBS)

Rehabilitation
Gait Speed Test (Frailty)

Frailty / Functional Assessment
Morse Fall Scale

Prognosis
Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS)

Frailty
SCORE2-OP — 5/10-Year CVD Risk (Age ≥ 70)

Cardiovascular Risk
Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS)

Prognosis
Elderly Mobility Scale (EMS)

Rehabilitation
STRATIFY Falls Risk Score

Falls Prevention
Hendrich II Fall Risk Model

Falls Risk
PRISMA-7 Frailty Screening Tool

Frailty
VES-13 — Vulnerable Elders Survey

Frailty
Fried Frailty Phenotype

Frailty

Decision pathways

Falls Assessment in Older Adults

NICE CG161 2013
Frailty Recognition and Management

BGS Frailty Framework / NHS NHSE
Constipation in Older Adults

NICE CKS Constipation; BGS
Perioperative Anticoagulant Management

ACCP 2018; BSH 2016; NICE NG89

Drugs

Alendronic acid with colecalciferol

Bisphosphonate + vitamin D₃
Alendronic Acid (Alendronate)

Bisphosphonate
Colecalciferol (Vitamin D3)

Vitamin D Supplement (D3)
Colecalciferol with calcium carbonate

Vitamin D + calcium supplement
Risedronate with calcium carbonate and colecalciferol

Bisphosphonate + calcium/vitamin D
Alendronic Acid Weekly

Bisphosphonate
Alendronic Acid

Bisphosphonate
Calcium 1000mg + Colecalciferol 800 units (Calcichew D3 Forte)

Calcium and Vitamin D Supplement
Colecalciferol 1000–2000 units/day

Vitamin D Supplement (Native Vitamin D3)
Alendronic Acid (Rheumatology — Osteoporosis)

Bisphosphonate — Oral (Weekly)

Decision support only. These tools are aggregated by topic to aid navigation — always apply clinical judgement and the relevant national or local guideline.