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Urinary Alkaliniser Pregnancy: C

Potassium Citrate

Brand names: Cymex, Potassium Citrate Mixture BPC

Adult dose

Dose: 10 mL three times daily
Route: oral (diluted with water)
Frequency: three times daily
Max: 30 mL/day
Dilute well with water; avoid prolonged use; may mask UTI symptoms — reassess if symptoms persist >2 days

Paediatric dose

Dose: 0.5 mmol/kg
Route: oral
Frequency: three times daily
Max: 15 mL three times daily
Concentration: 1 mmol potassium citrate per mL mmol/ml
Used for urinary alkalinisation in recurrent UTI and uric acid stones; dilute in water

Dose adjustments

Renal

Avoid in renal failure (hyperkalaemia risk)

Hepatic

Use with caution

Paediatric weight-based calculator

Used for urinary alkalinisation in recurrent UTI and uric acid stones; dilute in water

Clinical pearls

  • Alkalinises urine to pH >6.5 — relieves dysuria and prevents uric acid crystal formation
  • Useful adjunct in uric acid nephrolithiasis (target urine pH 6.5–7.0)
  • Does not treat infection — if symptoms persist >2 days, culture and treat

Contraindications

  • Renal failure
  • Hyperkalaemia
  • Urinary tract obstruction
  • Metabolic alkalosis

Side effects

  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Hyperkalaemia (if renal impairment)
  • Metabolic alkalosis

Interactions

  • ACE inhibitors/ARBs (hyperkalaemia)
  • Potassium-sparing diuretics (hyperkalaemia)
  • Urinary pH-dependent drug interactions

Monitoring

  • Serum potassium
  • Urine pH
  • Renal function

Reference: BNFc; BNF 86. Verify against your local formulary and the latest BNF before prescribing.

Related

Curated clinical cross-links plus same-class fallbacks.