Refractive Error & Myopia Severity Classification
International Myopia Institute classification (IMI 2019). Spherical equivalent (SE) refraction in dioptres after cycloplegic refraction in children. Higher myopia confers greater lifetime risk of myopic maculopathy, retinal detachment, glaucoma, and cataract.
Score interpretation
→ Children: cycloplegic refraction; treat amblyopia and accommodative esotropia with full correction. Adults: spectacles/contact lenses; assess for asthenopia and angle closure risk.
→ No treatment indicated unless symptomatic. Routine optometry interval.
→ Spectacles/contacts. In children: discuss myopia control (atropine 0.01–0.05%, dual-focus contact lenses, MiSight, orthokeratology) per IMI 2021. Outdoor time ≥2 h/day.
→ Active myopia-control intervention strongly indicated in children. Annual review for posterior segment changes (lattice, atrophic patches). Discuss elevated lifetime retinal detachment risk.
→ Posterior segment surveillance (OCT macula + dilated peripheral retina) every 1–2 years. Counsel on symptoms of detachment (flashes/floaters/curtain). Avoid contact sports if peripheral degenerations. Consider posterior staphyloma / myopic maculopathy. Refractive surgery options if stable; ICL preferred over LASIK above ~−10 D.
→ Annual macular OCT + ultra-widefield imaging. Treat myopic CNV (anti-VEGF — NICE TA298 ranibizumab). Lifelong follow-up; vision rehabilitation. Counsel on hereditary risk and intervention in offspring.
Interpretation bands for the Myopia Severity. Apply clinical judgement and local guidance.
References
Related
Curated clinical cross-links plus same-class fallbacks.
- Hydroxocobalamin (High-Dose — Cyanide Antidote) · Cyanide Antidote (Vitamin B12 Precursor at High Dose)
- Thiamine (IV/IM — Pabrinex) · Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) — deficiency treatment / Wernicke's encephalopathy prevention
- Calcium chloride · IV calcium salt (high elemental calcium)
- Thiamine (Vitamin B1) · Vitamin B1 Supplement
- Vitamin B substances with ascorbic acid · High-potency parenteral B + C vitamins
- Atropine Eye Drops 1% / 0.01% · Antimuscarinic — Cycloplegic / Myopia Control
- Acute Red Eye / Vision Loss Screen · RCOphth 2020; NICE CKS
- Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension · ABN; consensus 2018
- Acute Red Eye Assessment · RCOphth / AAO
- Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma · RCOphth / EGS Guidelines
- Retinal Detachment · RCOphth Guidelines / EURETINA
- Diabetic Retinopathy — Screening and Management · NICE NG28 2016 / NHS DES Programme
Decision support only — verify against a current formulary, NICE, or your local guideline before clinical use.