International Staging System for Multiple Myeloma (ISS)
ISS staging system for multiple myeloma based on serum beta-2 microglobulin and albumin. Predicts overall survival. See also R-ISS for cytogenetic risk stratification.
Score interpretation
→ ISS Stage I: β2M <3.5 mg/L AND albumin ≥3.5 g/dL. Median OS 62 months (Greipp 2005). Standard systemic therapy; discuss transplant eligibility.
→ ISS Stage II: neither Stage I nor Stage III. Median OS 44 months (Greipp 2005). Add LDH and cytogenetics for the R-ISS.
→ ISS Stage III: β2M ≥5.5 mg/L. Median OS 29 months (Greipp 2005). High-risk disease; consider clinical trial, novel agents, early transplant if eligible.
Interpretation bands for the Myeloma ISS. Apply clinical judgement and local guidance.
References
Related
Curated clinical cross-links plus same-class fallbacks.
- Fong Clinical Risk Score for Colorectal Cancer Recurrence · Oncology
- CRASH Score for Chemotherapy Risk Assessment in Elderly Patients · Oncology
- Ann Arbor Staging System for Lymphoma · Oncology
- Rai Staging System for CLL · Oncology
- Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (FLIPI) · Oncology
- CISNE Score for Febrile Neutropenia · Oncology
- Noradrenaline (Norepinephrine) · Vasopressor (Alpha-1 and Beta-1 Agonist)
- Dobutamine (ICU — Inotrope) · Inotrope (Beta-1 Agonist)
- Labetalol (IV — Hypertensive Emergency) · Combined Alpha-1 and Beta-Adrenergic Blocker
- Ephedrine hydrochloride · Mixed alpha/beta-adrenergic agonist (vasopressor)
- Sotalol · Antiarrhythmic
- Metoprolol (IV/Oral — Cardiology) · Beta-Blocker
- Major Haemorrhage / Massive Transfusion · BCSH; RCOA; RCEM; RCS — BCSH Guidelines
- Anaemia Investigation · BSH / NICE
- Splenomegaly Workup · BSH; BMJ Best Practice
- Deep Vein Thrombosis Diagnosis and Treatment · NICE CG144 / NICE NG158
- Sickle Cell Crisis · BSH 2021 / BCSH
- Neutropenic Sepsis · NICE CG151 2012 / ESMO
Decision support only — verify against a current formulary, NICE, or your local guideline before clinical use.